Preliminary Results in Measuring the Hardiness of Plants

Dexter, S. T.; Tottingham, W. E.; Graber, L. F.

doi:10.1104/pp.5.2.215

Cited by 86 publications

(51 citation statements)

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Early published accounts used total electrolyte leakage, expressed as specific conductance (EC2) of the aqueous bathing solution in which the tissue was immersed, to indicate degree of damage resulting from chilling injury (3,4). Recognizing that electrolyte content could vary among samples, Stuart (23) Id= 100 (R, -Ro)/(l -R,) (1) where, according to the terminology of Flint et al (6), Id is the index of injury, R, = ECin,,itiaI/ECio,aIfor stressed tissues, R0…”

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confidence: 99%

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An Improved Method for Using Electrolyte Leakage to Assess Membrane Competence in Plant Tissues

Whitlow¹,

Bassuk²,

Ranney³

et al. 1992

Plant Physiol.

124

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A new expression for ion leakage from plant tissue, the tissue ionic conductance (gT), is compared with electrical conductivity (EC) and a commonly used damage index (Id) to test the ability of each expression to correctly describe leakiness in two model systems representing examples of physiological processes with well-known effects on membrane permeability. In experiments in which drought-acclimated leaves were compared with nonacclimated leaves and senescing leaves were compared with nonsenescing leaves, Id contradicted our expectation that acclimated tissue would be less leaky than nonacclimated tissue, and gT1and EC confirmed this expectation. In a comparison of senescing and nonsenescing tissue, Id again contradicted our expectation that senescing tissue would be more leaky than nonsenescing, and EC and gT, were confirming. Using a diffusion analysis approach, we show that Id fails to account for variation in the concentration gradient between the tissue and the bathing solution and variation in the surface area through which efflux occurs. Furthermore, because Id is a parameter that relates treatment performance to control performance as a percentage value, it distorts the actual differences among treatments. The resulting artifacts lead to a presentation of membrane integrity which is probably incorrect.EC is a more direct measurement of net ion efflux and appears to be less vulnerable to artifact. However, because gTi is the only expression that explicitly includes chemical driving force and tissue surface area, it is the most reliable of the three expressions.Measuring solute leakage from plant tissue is a long-standing method for estimating membrane permeability in relation to environmental stresses, growth and development, and genotypic variation. Early published accounts used total electrolyte leakage, expressed as specific conductance (EC2) of the aqueous bathing solution in which the tissue was immersed, to indicate degree of damage resulting from chilling injury (3,4)

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Improved Method for Using Electrolyte Leakage to Assess Membrane Competence in Plant Tissues

Whitlow¹,

Bassuk²,

Ranney³

et al. 1992

Plant Physiol.

124

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“…Measured FIEL values were interpreted as an index of injury (II) [6,8] with modifications made by [4]. Test results were reported as percent II calculated by the following formula:…”

Section: Freezing Tolerancementioning

confidence: 99%

Yellow-cedar and western redcedar ecophysiological response to fall, winter and early spring temperature conditions

Grossnickle¹,

Russell

2006

Ann. For. Sci.

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-Western redcedar (Thuja plicata Donn) and yellow-cedar (Chamaecyparis nootkatensis (D. Don) Spach) populations originating from an elevation zone where these two species naturally coexist were monitored to define their performance patterns in response to seasonal temperature conditions within the fall, winter and early spring field conditions of the Pacific Northwest coastal forest region. Western redcedar and yellow-cedar populations were measured for changes in growth rhythms, photosynthetic patterns and freezing tolerance. Net photosynthesis (P n ) for both species was directly related to minimum air temperature that occurred during the prior evening, though no population differences were detected within each species. Photosynthesis was greater in western redcedar, than yellow-cedar when minimum air temperature was above freezing. Freezing temperatures from ~0 to -5°C caused a greater reduction in photosynthesis for western redcedar, though not a complete cessation of photosynthetic capability in either species. Freezing tolerance increased at a moderate rate in the fall as mean air temperature declined for both species when their shoot systems were still active, with freezing tolerance increasing at a rapid rate when shoot systems showed no mitotic activity. No shoot growth or mitotic activity was detected in shoot tips of both western redcedar and yellow-cedar when mean air temperature decreased to 4°C for the previous week. No population differences, within each species, were detected in the development of fall freezing tolerance. Yellow-cedar obtained a slightly greater level of freezing tolerance when fall temperatures were < 4°C. Both species had a loss of freezing tolerance as mean air temperature increased in late winter. Shoot growth resumed in both species in late winter when mean air temperature increased to 6 to 6.5°C. The resumption of shoot growth resulted in a faster loss of freezing tolerance for western redcedar compared to yellow-cedar. où ces deux espèces coexistent ont été suivies pour définir leurs types de performances en réponse aux conditions thermiques saisonnières de l'automne, de l'hiver et du début du printemps dans la région forestière côtière du Nord Ouest Pacifique. Les populations de Thuja plicata et de Chamaecyparis nootkatensis ont été mesurées pour étudier les variations dans les rythmes de croissance, les types d'activité photosynthétique et la tolérance au gel. Pour les deux espèces, la photosynthèse nette (Pn) était directement liée au minimum de température du soir précédent, bien que des différences n'aient pas été mises en évidence entre populations dans chacune des espèces. La photosynthèse était plus élevée chez Thuja plicata que chez Chamaecyparis nootkatensis lorsque la température minimum était au-dessus de zéro degré. Les températures glaciales de -0 à -5°C induisent la réduction la plus importante de la photosynthèse chez Thuja plicata, quoiqu'il n'y ait pas un complet arrêt de la capacité photosynthétique chez l'une ou l'autre des espèces. Pour les de...

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“…Dexter et al (1930Dexter et al ( , 1932 expressed the conductivity of such exudates as a percentage of the total exudates obtained from the same plant tissue after boiling. Olien (1967) (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%