Preliminary investigation of brown adipose tissue assessed by PET/CT and cancer activity

Bos, Stijn A.; Gill, Corey M.; Martinez-Salazar, Edgar L; Torriani, Martin; Bredella, Miriam A.

doi:10.1007/s00256-018-3046-x

Cited by 29 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(57 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These observations led to several retrospective studies investigating the presence and distribution of BAT activity in large cohorts, identifying strong associations between BAT activity with sex, age, BMI and fasting glucose levels [ 6 , 24 – 26 ]. Furthermore, some retrospective cross-sectional studies suggested a correlation between the volume of active BAT and cancer [ 27 – 31 ], while others did not find this association [ 6 , 16 ]. Of note, none of those studies accounted for outside temperature, which may have been rooted in the assumption that humans live exclusively at thermoneutrality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…BAT and cancer [27][28][29][30][31], while others did not find this association [6,16]. Of note, none of those studies accounted for outside temperature, which may have been rooted in the assumption that humans live exclusively at thermoneutrality.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 95%

“…In summary, after several mouse models had shown that the pathological activation of BAT was associated with cancer cachexia [33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40], the retrospective results from cross-sectional human studies [28][29][30][31], also suggested an association between cancer and BAT activity. Hence, the general notion that cancer-induced weight loss may partly be due to pathological…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Brown fat does not cause cachexia in cancer patients: A large retrospective longitudinal FDG-PET/CT cohort study

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a specialized form of adipose tissue, able to increase energy expenditure by heat generation in response to various stimuli. Recently, its pathological activation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of cancer cachexia. To establish a causal relationship, we retrospectively investigated the longitudinal changes in BAT and cancer in a large FDG-PET/CT cohort. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 13 461 FDG-PET/CT examinations of n = 8 409 patients at our institution from the winter months of 2007-2015. We graded the activation strength of BAT based on the anatomical location of the most caudally activated BAT depot into three tiers, and the stage of the cancer into five general grades. We validated the cancer grading by an interreader analysis and correlation with histopathological stage. Ambient temperature data (seven-day average before the examination) was obtained from a meteorological station close to the hospital. Changes of BAT, cancer, body mass index (BMI) and temperature between the different examinations were examined with Spearman's test and a mixed linear model for correlation, and with a causal inference algorithm for causality. Results We found n = 283 patients with at least two examinations and active BAT in at least one of them. There was no significant interaction between the changes in BAT activation, cancer burden or BMI. Temperature changes exhibited a strong negative correlation with BAT activity (% =-0.57, p<0.00001). These results were confirmed with the mixed linear model. Causal

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Brown fat does not cause cachexia in cancer patients: A large retrospective longitudinal FDG-PET/CT cohort study

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This finding led to the hypothesis that the change in cholesterol reflects metabolic alterations attributable to subclinical disease (68) 6 ; thus, inexplicable decreases in cholesterol levels which do not result from lifestyle changes might be an indicator of metabolic dysregulation induced by early malignancy. A recent retrospective study examining abnormal radiotracer uptake in PET-CTs revealed that tumor activity and volume correlated positively with BAT activation in non-cachectic cancer patients (70), indicating that NST-as a presumed mechanism of cachexia-is activated in the early stages of tumor progression, but appears as unintentional weight loss only once the increased energy expenditure can no longer be compensated.…”

Section: Increased Lipolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Neuronal Histamine Signaling Involved in Cancer Cachexia? Implications and Perspectives

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tabarean wrote: "Histamine modulates several aspects of energy homeostasis. By activating histamine receptors in the hypothalamus the bioamine influences thermoregulation, its circadian rhythm, energy expenditure and feeding. These actions are brought about by activation of different histamine receptors and/or the recruitment of distinct neural pathways." Wondering if this could also be a description of cancer cachexia in neurobiological terms, Zwickl began scouring the literature, pondering possible mechanisms involved, checking plausibility, looking at phenomena where distinct mechanisms have already been shown, and eventually coming up with what is being presented in this paper.

show abstract

“…The high glucose consumption of activated BAT leads to a large number of studies, using 18 F-FDG PET as a surrogate marker for its metabolic activity [5][6][7]. Most of these studies, looking into the prevalence and factors that correlated with high BAT activity, were done on retrospective data and showed that active BAT was more commonly seen on 18 F-FDG PET scans in winter than in summer, in women than in man, and in normal weight vs obese patients [5,[8][9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-dose 18F-FDG TOF-PET/MR for accurate quantification of brown adipose tissue in healthy volunteers

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Positron emission tomography (PET) is increasingly applied for in vivo brown adipose tissue (BAT) research in healthy volunteers. To limit the radiation exposure, the injected 18 F-FDG tracer dose should be as low as possible. With simultaneous PET/MR imaging, the radiation exposure due to computed tomography (CT) can be avoided, but more importantly, the PET acquisition time can often be increased to match the more extensive magnetic resonance (MR) imaging protocol. The potential gain in detected coincidence counts, due to the longer acquisition time, can then be applied to decrease the injected tracer dose. The aim of this study was to investigate the minimal 18 F-FDG dose for a 10-min time-of-flight (TOF) PET/MR acquisition that would still allow accurate quantification of supraclavicular BAT volume and activity. Methods: Twenty datasets from 13 volunteers were retrospectively included from a prospective clinical study. PET emission datasets were modified to simulate step-wise reductions of the original 75 MBq injected dose. The resulting PET images were visually and quantitatively assessed and compared to a 4-min reference scan. For the visual assessment, the image quality and artifacts were scored using a 5-point and a 3-point Likert scale. For the quantitative analysis, image noise and artifacts, BAT metabolic activity, BAT metabolic volume (BMV), and total BAT glycolysis (TBG) were investigated. Results: The visual assessment showed still good image quality for the 35%, 30%, and 25% activity reconstructions with no artifacts. Quantitatively, the background noise was similar to the reference for the 35% and 30% activity reconstructions and the artifacts started to increase significantly in the 25% and lower activity reconstructions. There was no significant difference in supraclavicular BAT metabolic activity, BMV, and TBG between the reference and the 35% to 20% activity reconstructions. Conclusions: This study indicates that when the PET acquisition time is matched to the 10-min MRI protocol, the injected 18 F-FDG tracer dose can be reduced to approximately 19 MBq (25%) while maintaining image quality and accurate supraclavicular BAT quantification. This could decrease the effective dose from 1.4 mSv to 0.36 mSv.

show abstract

Preliminary investigation of brown adipose tissue assessed by PET/CT and cancer activity

Abstract: BAT activity is greater in patients with active cancer compared to age-, sex-, and BMI-matched BAT-positive patients without active cancer, suggesting a possible role of BAT in cancer activity.

Cited by 29 publications

References 46 publications

Brown fat does not cause cachexia in cancer patients: A large retrospective longitudinal FDG-PET/CT cohort study

Brown fat does not cause cachexia in cancer patients: A large retrospective longitudinal FDG-PET/CT cohort study

Is Neuronal Histamine Signaling Involved in Cancer Cachexia? Implications and Perspectives

Low-dose 18F-FDG TOF-PET/MR for accurate quantification of brown adipose tissue in healthy volunteers

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About