Preliminary experimental research on the mechanism of liver bile secretion stimulated by peppermint oil

Zong, Lei; Qu, Ying; Luo, Di Xiang; Zhu, Zhenbo; Zhang, Sheng; Su, Zhi; Shan, Jian Cheng; Gao, Xiangyang; Lu, Lun Gen

doi:10.1111/j.1751-2980.2011.00513.x

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…171 In respect of this, peppermint essential oil, not only stimulates bile fluid secretion but may be involved in upregulating the bile acid synthesis-related gene, cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1), and the nuclear bile acid receptor FXR (farnesoid X receptor) mRNA. 172 It has been shown that the terpene preparation Rowachol, which contains menthol and menthone, 173 has cholelitholytic activity and its use has been recommended with careful monitoring for potential complications during cholesterol gallstone treatment. 174 A mechanism underlying Rowachol activity may derive from a combination of its cholelitholytic, choleretic and spasmolytic properties which would tend to facilitate the passage of common bile duct gallstones.…”

Section: Clinical Studies and Case Reports On The Side Effects Of Pepmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicological effects ofMentha x piperita(peppermint): a review

et al. 2019

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Peppermint (Mentha x piperita L.) is a medicinal plant with significant pharmacological and therapeutic activities but side effects and detrimental impacts on health have been described. Herein, we studied the literature concerning the reported inherent toxicity of peppermint. Accordingly, we classified peppermint and its main constituents in acute, subacute, chronic, developmental toxicity and cytotoxicity studies. The review outcome revealed that peppermint and its main constituents (pulegone, menthone, menthol and menthofuran) exhibit some evidence of moderate toxicity. Peppermint and its menthol isomers possess no major innate mutagenic, genotoxic or embryotoxic properties. However, there is evidence that peppermint essential oil interacts appreciably with cytochrome P450 isoenzymes to reduce or prevent their activities in rat and human liver microsomes and this has a substantial clinical implication for drug metabolism. Moreover, peppermint essential oil is contraindicated in patients with bile duct obstruction, gall bladder inflammation and liver disorders. In patients with gastrointestinal reflux or hiatus hernia, its use should be exercised with caution because it may exacerbate the symptoms of gastrointestinal reflux.

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Section: Clinical Studies and Case Reports On The Side Effects Of Pepmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicological effects ofMentha x piperita(peppermint): a review

et al. 2019

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“…This hormone exerts negative feedback on hepatic bile salt neosynthesis and induces gallbladder dilatation, signaling the end of the fed state and the transition to the fasting state [23]. Choleretic agents like peppermint oil upregulate FXR mRNA levels and promote bile and bile secretion in rats [24]. …”

Section: Bile Acid-activated Receptors In Immunity and Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Immunomodulatory Role of Bile Acids

Sipka

Bruckner

2014

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Enzymatic oxidation of cholesterol generates numerous distinct bile acids which function both as detergents that facilitate the digestion and absorption of dietary lipids and as hormones that activate five distinct receptors. Activation of these receptors alters gene expression in multiple tissues, leading to changes not only in bile acid metabolism but also in glucose homeostasis, lipid and lipoprotein metabolism, energy expenditure, intestinal motility, bacterial growth, inflammation, and in the liver-gut axis. This review focuses on the present knowledge regarding the physiologic and pathologic role of bile acids and their immunomodulatory role, with particular attention to bacterial lipopolysaccharides (endotoxins) and bile acid and immunological disorders. The specific role that bile acids play in the regulation of innate immunity, various systemic inflammations, inflammatory bowel diseases, allergy, psoriasis, cholestasis, obesity, metabolic syndrome, alcoholic liver disease, and colon cancer will be reviewed.

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“…These findings suggested that peppermint oil may potentially be used to aid in the treatment of S. aureus infections [4]. Other data showed that peppermint oil significantly promoted the secretion of bile and bile acid in rats, increased bile acid efflux, and decreased cholesterol levels in bile, suggesting that peppermint oil stimulates bile fluid secretion and thus has a choleretic effect [5].…”

Section: Pharmacological Studiesmentioning

confidence: 94%