Preliminary evaluation of probiotic effects on gastrointestinal signs in dogs with multicentric lymphoma undergoing multi‐agent chemotherapy: A randomised, placebo‐controlled study

Jugan, Maria C.; Wouda, Raelene M.; Higginbotham, Mary Lynn

doi:10.1002/vro2.2

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In another study, its use did not reduce the frequency of gastrointestinal AE in dogs receiving vincristine or cyclophosphamide 47 . Moreover, effects of prophylactic probiotics on gastrointestinal AE were investigated in one study, and there were no significant decrease of the number of episodes of diarrhoea 79 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…47 Moreover, effects of prophylactic probiotics on gastrointestinal AE were investigated in one study, and there were no significant decrease of the number of episodes of diarrhoea. 79 Type of antineoplastic agents used during chemotherapy could impact occurrence and severity of AE. As previously quoted, one study reported an independently increased risk of febrile neutropenia with vincristine and doxorubicin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Are severe adverse events commonly observed in dogs during cancer chemotherapy? A retrospective study on 155 dogs

Chavalle

Chamel

Denoeux³

et al. 2021

Vet Comparative Oncology

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Overall prevalence of severe adverse events (sAE) has been poorly studied in veterinary medicine and peer‐reviewed studies mostly focused on a single protocol, making it difficult to have a general overview. The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the frequency and risk factors of sAE secondary to various protocols of chemotherapy in dogs. Medical records of 155 dogs receiving chemotherapy between January 2013 and December 2018 were reviewed. Adverse events (AE) were graded according to Veterinary Comparative Oncology Group‐common terminology criteria for AE (VCOG‐CTCAE) grading system. Statistical analyses were performed to determine whether demographic, cancer type and chemotherapy protocol were associated with development of sAE and their consequences. AE were reported at least once in 124 (80%) dogs and sAE were observed in 50 (32.3%) dogs. Among them, 23 (14.8%) had gastro‐intestinal and 31 (20.0%) had myelotoxic events. sAE led to hospitalisation in 37 (23.9%) dogs, to chemotherapy arrest in 12 (7.7%) dogs and to euthanasia or death in 9 (5.8%) dogs. Haematopoietic tumours were statistically associated with a higher frequency of sAE (p = .004), gastrointestinal sAE (p = .009) and hospitalisation (p = .004). A body weight over 10 kg was associated with less haematological sAE (p < .001). The use of a multi‐agent protocol was highlighted as a risk factor for sAE (p = .038) and haematological sAE (p < .001). sAE following chemotherapy and leading to hospitalisation, chemo arrest or death were relatively common. A special attention during chemotherapy follow‐up should be given to small dogs and those receiving multi‐agent protocol or treated for haematopoietic tumours.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are severe adverse events commonly observed in dogs during cancer chemotherapy? A retrospective study on 155 dogs

Chavalle

Chamel

Denoeux³

et al. 2021

Vet Comparative Oncology

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“…The overall composition of the fecal microbiome of dogs with multi-centric lymphoma treated with CHOP chemotherapy was significantly different than clinically normal dogs before and during treatment. This is consistent with previous literature showing altered fecal microbiomes in dogs with multi-centric lymphoma at diagnosis 72,86 and during treatment 86 . Within our treatment population, a statistically significant difference was not detected in α-diversity or β-diversity over time.…”

Section: Chapter 4: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Finally, a recent prospective placebo-controlled study investigated the use of probiotics in dogs receiving multi-agent chemotherapy for multi-centric lymphoma 86 .…”

Section: The Microbiome In Veterinary Medicinementioning

confidence: 99%

Prospective evaluation of the fecal microbiome in dogs with large-cell lymphoma receiving chop chemotherapy

Couto¹

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The fecal microbiome composition has been associated with reduced efficacy of cancer therapy and adverse side effects in humans, and chemotherapy has been shown to alter the gut microbiome. The relationship between microbiota and chemotherapy efficacy and tolerability has not been investigated in dogs. We aimed to evaluate changes in fecal microbial diversity during a cycle of CHOP chemotherapy in dogs with lymphoma and whether these changes correlated with adverse events or treatment response. Eighteen dogs with lymphoma were prospectively enrolled, and stool samples were acquired weekly for 6 weeks during CHOP. Fecal samples was analyzed via 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing as previously described. Treatment-associated differences in richness, alpha and beta diversity were determined through comparison to data from healthy controls (n = 26) using factorial ANOVA and PERMANOVA. Dogs with lymphoma had decreased fecal microbial diversity when compared with healthy controls at baseline and throughout treatment (p= 0.0002, 0.0003, 0.0001). Alpha and beta diversity did not significantly change in dogs throughout a cycle of CHOP chemotherapy (p = 0.520 and 0.995). Samples pre-treated with antibiotics were significantly less diverse (alpha and beta diversity) than untreated samples (p = 0.002, 0.0001 respectively). Dogs with lymphoma and fecal samples under the presence of antibiotics had higher levels of Escherchia species in their feces compared to normal dogs. The fecal microbiome of healthy dogs and dogs with lymphoma receiving CHOP is relatively stable over time, but dogs with lymphoma have reduced microbial diversity compared to healthy dogs before and during treatment. An increase in Proteobacteria abundance during treatment may be related to chemotherapy and/or antibiotic use.

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“…Although probiotics were associated with no complications in small studies of dogs with parvoviral enteritis or lymphoma undergoing chemotherapy, 33 , 53 their use has been episodically associated with opportunistic fungemia and bacteremia in immunosuppressed or critically ill people. 46 , 54 , 55 It is unclear whether glucocorticoid‐induced immunosuppression, particularly when administered as part of multimodal immunosuppression which already increases the risk of opportunistic infection, 56 , 57 poses the same risk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinicopathologic and gastrointestinal effects of administration of prednisone, prednisone with omeprazole, or prednisone with probiotics to dogs: A double‐blind randomized trial

Rak

Moyers

Price

et al. 2023

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background The efffect of administering of probiotics or twice‐daily omeprazole on glucocorticoid‐induced gastric bleeding in dogs is unknown. Hypothesis Compare gastrointestinal bleeding among dogs administered placebo, prednisone (2 mg/kg q24h), prednisone with omeprazole (1 mg/kg q12h), or prednisone with probiotics (Visbiome, 11.2‐22.5 billion CFU/kg q24h) for 28 days. Animals Twenty‐four healthy research dogs. Methods Double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled randomized trial. Clinical signs and endoscopic gastrointestinal mucosal lesion scores at baseline ( t 1 ), day 14 ( t 2 ), and day 28 ( t 3 ) were compared using split‐plot repeated‐measures mixed‐model ANOVAs. Results Fecal score differed by treatment‐by‐time ( F [6,40] = 2.65, P < .03), with higher scores in groups receiving prednisone at t 3 than t 1 . Nineteen of thirty‐three episodes of diarrhea occurred in the prednisone with omeprazole group. Gastric mucosal lesion scores differed by treatment‐by‐time ( F [6,60] = 2.86, P = .05), among treatment groups ( F [3,60] = 4.9, P = .004), and over time ( F [2,60] = 16.5, P < .001). Post hoc analysis revealed lesion scores increased over time for all groups receiving prednisone. At t 3 , scores for the prednisone (8.7 ± 4.9) and prednisone with probiotics (8.7 ± 4.9) groups differed significantly from placebo (1.8 ± 1.8; P ≤ .04), whereas scores for the prednisone with omeprazole (6.5 ± 5.5) group did not differ from placebo ( P = .7). Ulcers occurred only in dogs receiving prednisone. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Prednisone‐induced gastric bleeding. Co‐administration of omeprazole partially mitigated bleeding, but a similar protective benefit was not demonstrated by co‐administration of the evaluated probiotic.

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Preliminary evaluation of probiotic effects on gastrointestinal signs in dogs with multicentric lymphoma undergoing multi‐agent chemotherapy: A randomised, placebo‐controlled study

Cited by 5 publications

References 31 publications

Are severe adverse events commonly observed in dogs during cancer chemotherapy? A retrospective study on 155 dogs

Are severe adverse events commonly observed in dogs during cancer chemotherapy? A retrospective study on 155 dogs

Prospective evaluation of the fecal microbiome in dogs with large-cell lymphoma receiving chop chemotherapy

Clinicopathologic and gastrointestinal effects of administration of prednisone, prednisone with omeprazole, or prednisone with probiotics to dogs: A double‐blind randomized trial

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