Preliminary antimycobacterial study on selected Turkish plants (Lamiaceae) against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and search for some phenolic constituents

Abstract

BackgroundThe global resurgence of tuberculosis is a significant threat. Lamiaceae members have been used in folk remedies for centuries. This study was designed to assess the in-vitro antimycobacterial activity of eighteen crude extracts from six plants (Lamiaceae) and to characterize their phenolic and flavonoid compounds.MethodsSix Turkish medicinal plants of the family Lamiaceae (Stachys tmolea Boiss., Stachys thirkei C. Koch, Ballota acetabulosa (L.) Benth., Thymus sipthorpii Benth., Satureja aintabensis P.H. Davis, and Micromeria juliana (L.) Benth. ex Reich.) were collected in 2009 – 2010. Dried and crushed plant samples were subjected to sequential extraction with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, and methanol in order of increasing polarity. A broth microdilution method was employed to screen extracts against four mycobacterial strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Phenolic and flavonoid compounds were characterized by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry.ResultsS. aintabensis, T. sibthorpii, and M. juliana were found to develop considerable activity against the four strains of M. tuberculosis with the minimal inhibitory concentrations value of 12.5-100 μg/ml. S. aintabensis and T. sibthorpii extracts killed M. tuberculosis with the minimum bactericidal concentration value of 50–800 μg/ml. On the basis of these prominent antimycobacterial activity, we suggest that they could be a source of natural anti-tuberculosis agents.ConclusionS. aintabensis and T. sibthorpii showed activity by killing Mycobacteria strains. The major phenolic compound was rosmarinic for T. sibthorpii and S. aintabensis. Flavonoids might be “a modal” for the drug design.

Antimicrobial and cytotoxicity properties of the crude extracts and fractions of Premna resinosa (Hochst.) Schauer (Compositae): Kenyan traditional medicinal plant

“…Other studies have associated flavonoids with antituberculous activity and it is believed that their mode of action is by inhibiting various pathways in Mycobacteria including de novo biosynthesis of fatty acid, inhibiting mycolic acid biosynthesis, proteosome inhibition, topoisomerase inhibition, inhibition of phosphatidyl-inositol 3-kinase, induction of cell cycle arrests, accumulation of p53 or enhanced expression of c-fos and c-myc genes [ 18 , 33 ]. In addition, recent studies done by [ 34 ] indicated that phenolic compounds have antimycobacterial properties although their mode of action is not well known. Similarly, studies have established that alkaloids have both antibacterial and antifungal activities, especially against S. aureus and C. albicans [ 35 ].…”

Antibacterial Effectiveness of Selected Moroccan Essential Oils Against the Highly Virulent Jp2 Clone of Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans

“…The choice of essential oils was based on their documented medicinal properties particularly antimicrobial effects and/or on their therapeutic use in traditional medicine in Moroccans (table 1). Indeed, Origanum compactum and Thymus vulgaris, belonging to plant family of Lamiaceae, is widely used for their antimicrobial properties [29,30]. And Cymbopogon martinii, from plant family of poacea, is mainly known for its insecticidal and antiseptic properties [21][22][23].…”

Anti-tubercular substances produced by plants

“…Methanol and petroleum ether fractions have less anti-mycobacterial activity. All of those plants are active against M. tuberculosis, opposite to Stachys tmolea, Stachys thirkei and Ballota acetabulosa, which have no activity [29]. From among plants researched from Pakistan, the most active proved to be chloroform extracts of the leaves of Citrullus colocynthis and n-hexane extract of seeds Ricinus communis (MIC: 2.5 µg/ml).…”