Anti-tubercular substances produced by plants

Abstract

Tuberculosis is one of the common causes of death worldwide, and according to the World Health Organization, in 2015, about 10.4 mln people globally is suffering from that disease. Despite great development in medicine and discovery of many antimycobacterial drugs, tuberculosis remains an unsolved problem. The populations of countries in Africa, Asia and South America have difficult access to hygiene, medical care and medicines, and they therefore resort to consulting traditional practitioners who mainly use drugs from natural sources which they prepare themselves. Plants are the biggest source of such medicines and are used as extracts, decoctions or powders, often without any evidence of their actual activity. Isolates from plants sometimes contain unknown substances or some second metabolites of microorganisms. In vitro studies have shown that some of these medicines have effective antimycobacterial properties, even against clinical, resistant strains. This is hopeful in the situation where more and more cases of tuberculosis prove to be resistant to standard drugs. Extracts of medicinal plants are often synergistic with synthetic drugs. Substances with insufficient MIC can be a basis for derivatives which have better properties. This thesis summarizes the current international knowledge of the use of plant substances used in the treatment of tuberculosis that could be potential new antituberculous drugs.

Natural products and their analogues acting against Mycobacterium tuberculosis: A recent update

“…In an earlier study, the synthetic (±)-deoxypergularinine showed 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC 50 ) at 0.011 µg/mL against A549 cell lines and 99 with a CC 50 value of 18.7 µg/mL. These results suggest (−)-deoxypergularinine is less toxic to human cells than (±)-deoxypergularinine (Gatadi & Nanduri, 2020;Nam et al, 2016;Polak & Kapka-Skrzypczak, 2017). Macabeo et al (2017) isolated albanol A (100, Figure 12), albanol B (101, Figure 12) and grandiuvarone (102, Figure 12 The cytotoxic activities of these compounds might limit their development as potential therapeutic candidates for TB treatment (Macabeo et al, 2017).…”

“…In an earlier study, the synthetic (±)‐deoxypergularinine showed 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC 50 ) at 0.011 µg/mL against A549 cell lines and 99 with a CC 50 value of 18.7 µg/mL. These results suggest (−)‐deoxypergularinine is less toxic to human cells than (±)‐deoxypergularinine (Gatadi & Nanduri, 2020; Nam et al, 2016; Polak & Kapka‐Skrzypczak, 2017).…”

Plant‐based Food Products for Antimycobacterial Therapy

“…However, because molecules active in nano‐ or micromolar concentrations are found rarely, the plant secondary metabolites were evaluated for their ability to enhance activity of antimycobacterial antibiotics. The synergistic action of plant extracts or isolated compounds against Mtb was already mentioned by Polak and Kapka‐Skrzypczak [30], Gupta et al [27] or Komape et al [31]. Interestingly, the synergy was more frequently found when natural compounds were combined with rifampicin rather than with isoniazid or ethambutol [32,33].…”