Pregnancy per artificial insemination and pregnancy loss in lactating dairy cows of a single herd following timed artificial insemination or insemination at detected estrus

ThangaveluG.,; GobikrushanthM.,; ColazoM., G.; Ambrose, D.J.

doi:10.4141/cjas-2014-122

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…In addition, the differences in the overall reproductive management system between these 2 countries could be a contributing factor. For example, in our previous study, Canadian Holstein cows were managed under a confinement system with timed AI as the predominant breeding method, whereas the Irish Holstein-Friesian cows in the current study were managed under a pasture-based, seasonal-calving system with AI at detected estrus being the predominant method of breeding, which may have further improved P/AI (Tenhagen et al, 2004;Thangavelu et al, 2015).…”

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confidence: 94%

The relationship between anogenital distance and fertility, and genome-wide associations for anogenital distance in Irish Holstein-Friesian cows

Gobikrushanth

Purfield

Kenneally

et al. 2019

Journal of Dairy Science

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The evaluation of anogenital distance (AGD), the distance from the center of the anus to base of the clitoris, as a potential fertility trait for genetic selection in dairy cows has generated recent interest. The objectives of this cross-sectional observational study were to (1) characterize the distribution and variability of AGD, (2) determine factors associated with AGD, (3) estimate heritability for AGD, (4) identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) associated with phenotypic variation of AGD, and (5) validate the relationship between categories of AGD and fertility in Irish Holstein-Friesian cows. Anogenital distance was measured using digital calipers in 1,180 Holstein cows (mean ± standard deviation: 225 ± 79 d in milk) from 10 dairy herds located in Munster, Ireland. In addition, age (yr), weight (kg), height at hip (cm), and body condition score (BCS) at the time of AGD measurement were determined in a subset of 281 cows. Genotype information available from 908 cows was subsequently imputed to the Illumina Bovine High Density BeadChip (Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA) for genome-wide association analysis of phenotypic variation in AGD. Overall, AGD had a normal distribution and high variability (mean ± standard deviation; 119.2 ± 11.6 mm). Anogenital distance was weakly but positively associated with cow age, hip height, and body weight, and negatively associated with BCS; the phenotypic variation in AGD that was explainable by these variables was small (coefficient of determination; R 2 = 0.09, 0.06, 0.10, and 0.02, respectively). The estimated heritability for AGD was 0.37 (standard error of mean ± 0.08). Six SNP of suggestive significance were identified on Bos taurus autosomes 6, 15, 20, and 26; however, none of these SNP was related to previously identified candidate genes for fertility. Cows were categorized into quartiles (Q1; 86 to 111 mm; n = 311, Q2; 112 to 120 mm; n = 330; Q3; 121 to 127 mm; n = 265, and Q4; 128 to 160 mm; n = 274) based on AGD and the association with reproductive outcomes examined (21-d submission rate, pregnancy to first AI, pregnancy rate within 21, 42 and 84-d after the farm mating start date, and number of times bred). None of the reproductive variables differed significantly between AGD categories. In summary, despite identification of high variability and moderate heritability for AGD in Irish Holstein-Friesian cows, reproductive outcomes did not differ between categories of AGD. This latter result differs from our previous finding of an inverse relationship between AGD and pregnancy outcomes in first-and second-parity Canadian Holstein cows, emphasizing the need to test and validate this new phenotype in diverse cow populations.

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confidence: 94%

The relationship between anogenital distance and fertility, and genome-wide associations for anogenital distance in Irish Holstein-Friesian cows

Gobikrushanth

Purfield

Kenneally

et al. 2019

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…This is consistent with authors indicating that the loss of postpartum body conditions seems to affect the course of later pregnancy, (43) and that the animals with lower body conditions have higher gestation losses compared to cows with higher body conditions. (44) Logistic regression also indicates that body condition variations are protective factors for abortion in months three and four pregnancy (or = 0.32, p < 0.05).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Monitoring different causal patterns of bovine abortion syndrome

et al. 2022

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Bovine Abortion Syndrome (bas) has a significant impact on commercial dairies. Abortion rates vary between 2 and 20 % and there is little information regarding non-infectious factors affecting fetal stages. We analyzed the joint relationship of infectious and non-infectious factors with the probability of abortion in dairy cows. We used dairy cows from the Ñuble province of Chile (n = 148) at 42 days of pregnancy. We then took monthly blood samples until abortion or calving. We determined plasma concentrations for the following: amino transferase, albumin, cholesterol, globulin, fibrinogen, â-hydroxybutyrate, retinol, á-tocopherol, calcium, phosphorus, glutathione peroxidase, total proteins and urea. Serology was performed for infectious diseases and body conditions were recorded. Our study used a multivariable logistic regression model and proportional hazard regression. There was an (p < 0.05) association with abortion, (or = 4.27) for Neospora caninum and (hr = 94.35) for Leptospira interrogans, with a low cholesterol concentration (p < 0.05) in the fourth month of pregnancy (or = 0.61), and a decrease in body condition from month three to four (or = 0.32). bas is associated with negative energy balances, protective effects of high cholesterol plasma concentrations in the first trimester of gestation and incidences of Neospora caninum, Leptospira interrogans, and a conjunction of the two. It is important to provide epidemiological surveillance tools that help anticipate herd reproductive losses through management measures, infectious disease control and proper nutritional management.

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“…Further, a low BCS together with clinical mastitis was shown to impair reproductive function and increase pregnancy loss rates [62]. Additionally, a 10% rate of pregnancy loss was detected in animals with some clinical disease [67]. In contrast, no differences were found in pregnancy losses between cows that maintained their body condition and those with an impaired body condition in the first 30 days of lactation [68].…”

Section: Metabolic State At the Time Of Pregnancy Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Noninfectious Causes of Pregnancy Loss at the Late Embryonic/Early Fetal Stage in Dairy Cattle

Szelényi,

Szenci,

Bodó

et al. 2023

Animals

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In cattle, initial pregnancy diagnosis takes place during the late embryonic/early fetal stage of gestation. From this point onward, pregnancy loss may occur in up to one fifth of pregnancies before the initial pregnancy diagnosis is confirmed. This means the early identification of risk factors is a key part of pregnancy diagnosis and herd management. The various factors responsible for pregnancy losses are classified into infectious and noninfectious. Among the noninfectious causes, several dam-related (circumstances of the individual pregnancy or milk production) and herd-related factors causing stress have been well established. In this review, we summarize the impacts of these noninfectious factors and predict associated risks of pregnancy loss.

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Pregnancy per artificial insemination and pregnancy loss in lactating dairy cows of a single herd following timed artificial insemination or insemination at detected estrus

Cited by 10 publications

References 35 publications

The relationship between anogenital distance and fertility, and genome-wide associations for anogenital distance in Irish Holstein-Friesian cows

The relationship between anogenital distance and fertility, and genome-wide associations for anogenital distance in Irish Holstein-Friesian cows

Monitoring different causal patterns of bovine abortion syndrome

Noninfectious Causes of Pregnancy Loss at the Late Embryonic/Early Fetal Stage in Dairy Cattle

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