Pregnancy and pregnancy outcome in hepatitis C type 1b

Jabeen, Tahira; Cannon, Bradley; Hogan, John M.; Crowley, Maeve P.; Devereux, C.; Fanning, Liam J.; Kenny-Walsh, Elizabeth; Shanahan, Fergus; Whelton, M. J.

doi:10.1093/qjmed/93.9.597

Cited by 56 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…[15][16][17] The rate of spontaneous abortion was approximately the same as in the normal population. There was no increase in typical obstetric complications such as gestational diabetes and hypertension.…”

Section: Issues Relating To Pregnancy and Chronic Hepatitis Cmentioning

confidence: 69%

Maternal-infant transmission of hepatitis C virus infection

2002

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Mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) is comparatively uncommon. The prevalence of antibody to HCV (anti-HCV) in pregnant women is 0.1% to 2.4%, although in some endemic areas it is much higher. The proportion of women with anti-HCV who have active infection with viremia is 60% to 70%. Transmission of HCV occurs only when serum HCV RNA is detectable and may be related to higher levels (above 10 6 copies per mL). M aternal and child health issues relating to hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection have recently assumed greater importance than ever before. From the pediatric perspective, the availability of effective screening methods for HCV has virtually eliminated new cases of transfusion-associated hepatitis C in children. Consequently, childhood acquisition of HCV infection through maternal-infant transmission has become the most important mode of spread. 1 Vertical, or more precisely, mother-to-infant hepatitis C will likely be the major type of childhood chronic hepatitis C within the next 6 to 8 years. It has been difficult to determine the rate of mother-to-infant transmission, partly because reports of mother-to-infant transmission of HCV have been based on small numbers of patients, with differing disease definitions, followed with different study designs and using different virological assays. These reports tended to be heterogeneous and conflicting. Moreover, factors that promote mother-to-infant transmission and the outcome of chronic HCV infection acquired by this route still require clarification. Likewise, for women of child-bearing age who acquired chronic hepatitis C in childhood or in early adulthood, there are important issues relating to pregnancy itself, such as its effect on the disease course of chronic hepatitis C. Prevalence of Hepatitis C Among Pregnant WomenNumerous studies have examined the prevalence of hepatitis C among pregnant women (Table 1). The studies vary considerably in terms of the size of the study, geographic variables, and adequacy of laboratory testing. In general, the prevalence of detectable antibody to HCV (anti-HCV) is approximately 1% overall (range, 0.1% to 2.4%), based on the studies that included at least 3,000 subjects. The mean Abbreviations: HCV, hepatitis C virus; anti-HCV, antibody to HCV; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus.

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Section: Issues Relating To Pregnancy and Chronic Hepatitis Cmentioning

confidence: 69%

Maternal-infant transmission of hepatitis C virus infection

2002

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“…This finding is similar to the finding of a study from British Columbia (25) Because HCV infection can cause vasculitis, involvement of placental vasculature can lead to vascular compromise of placenta (34,35) which can explain poor neonatal outcome ranging from low birth weight, intra uterine growth restriction, birth asphyxia to stillbirth..There is paucity of data on neonatal adverse outcome associated with maternal HCV infection. Some of the studies quote similar neonatal outcome in HCV reactive and non-reactive mothers (36,37) . In present study, about 34% of neonates born to anti-HCV positive women were premature at birth and about 37% had low birth weight.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Burden of HCV infection among pregnant women with assessment of risk factors and pregnancy outcome in HCV infected: A hospital based study from Uttarakhand

Upreti¹

2017

jmscr

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“…Surgical operations, dental procedure with inadequately sterilized instruments, and reused syringes have been well-known risk factors for HCV transmission [8]. Transmission between sexual partners of persons with chronic HCV infection with no other risk factors for infection is about 5 % (range, 0-15 %) [9,10], and rates of IVDU in HCV-positive women range from 32 to 50 % [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HCV and Pregnancy: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Pregnancy Outcome in North Indian Population: A Case–Control Study

Goyal

Kaur

Jindal

et al. 2014

J Obstet Gynecol India

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Objectives The study was carried out to investigate the prevalence, risk factors, and Pregnancy outcome in anti-HCV-positives pregnant women admitted for delivery in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology of Guru Gobind Singh Medical College and Hospital, Faridkot between January 2010 and January 2013. Setting Department of obstetrics and Gynaecology of GGS Medical College and Hospital, Faridkot. Material and Methods A case-control study design was selected for the study. A total of 1412 pregnant women presenting in the labor room of our hospital between January 2010 and January 2013 were subjected to anti-HCV testing by third generation ELISA. Age, parity, and gestational age-matched controls were taken from the women delivering during the same time frame who tested negative for hepatitis C. All the subjects and controls were nonreactive for HIV and HBsAg as well. Risk factors and pregnancy outcome were compared with the control group. Approval was taken from ethic committee of the institute. The women who consented to participate in the study were evaluated on the basis of a questionnaire for the presence of 123 risk factors of hepatitis C and pregnancy outcome. Women with the known previous liver disease were excluded from the study. Data were analyzed using SPSS for Windows version 16.0. p \ 0.05 was considered significant. Results Forty patients tested positive for anti-HCV antibodies among 1,412 patients subjected to anti-HCV testing during study period. 40 patients were taken as controls, who were negative for anti-HCV antibodies. Prevalence of HCV during pregnancy was 2.8 % in our study. Among the risk factors studied, previous surgery and blood transfusion were the statistically significant risk factors. There was history of previous major surgery in 16 cases versus 4 controls and was statistically significant (p value 0.002) at p \ 0.05. History of blood transfusion was present in 4 versus 2 among cases and controls, respectively, and statistically significant (p value 0.004) at p \ 0.05. Sexual transmission was not the risk factor as none of the spouse of the pregnant women was positive for HCV antibodies. Neonatal outcome was similar in both groups. Pregnancy complications i.e., Pregnancy-induced hypertension and antepartum hemorrhage were significantly higher in study group compared to control group. Conclusion Incidence of hepatitis C virus infection in pregnancy is 2.8 %. Surgical procedures, blood transfusion, are the major risk factors for transmission. There are no identifiable risk factors in 35 % of cases. Pregnancy complications like Pregnancy-induced hypertension and antepartum hemorrhage are more common in HCV-positive mothers. Neonatal outcome is not affected. Universal screening of all pregnant women should be done for HCV as many patients may not have any risk factor.

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Pregnancy and pregnancy outcome in hepatitis C type 1b

Cited by 56 publications

References 20 publications

Maternal-infant transmission of hepatitis C virus infection

Maternal-infant transmission of hepatitis C virus infection

Burden of HCV infection among pregnant women with assessment of risk factors and pregnancy outcome in HCV infected: A hospital based study from Uttarakhand

HCV and Pregnancy: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Pregnancy Outcome in North Indian Population: A Case–Control Study

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