Pregnancies Averted Among U.S. Teenagers by the Use of Contraceptives

Kahn, James G.; Brindis, Claire D.; Glei, Dana A.

doi:10.2307/2991554

Cited by 30 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Condoms and coitus interruptus are simple to practice and do not require advance planning, so most female adolescents used these two methods. Some scholars (Kahn, Brindis, & Glei, 1999) have stated that continued and expanded access to contraceptives for adolescents is a critical public health strategy in preventing adolescent pregnancy. However, there has been a long debate on providing contraceptive services for adolescents in Taiwan.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Associated with Adolescent Pregnancy— A Sample of Taiwanese Female Adolescents

Wang¹,

Wang²,

Hsu

2002

Public Health Nursing

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This study was designed to explore the factors that differentiate sexually experienced teenagers who become pregnant from those who do not. The study examined the differences between pregnant and never-pregnant female adolescents in personal background characteristics, family characteristics, substance use, contraceptive attitude, contraceptive knowledge, contraceptive self-efficacy, sexual history, and effective contraceptive use. Sexually experienced but never-pregnant female adolescents were selected from two vocational high schools. Pregnant adolescents were recruited by convenience sampling from obstetric clinics and health stations in Tainan City, Taiwan. Multiple logistic regression analysis identified six factors associated with pregnancy: poor contraceptive knowledge, poor contraceptive self-efficacy, low socioeconomic status, low effective contraceptive use scores, more frequent sexual intercourse, and older age. The results of this study provide health professionals with information to develop more-effective prevention and intervention programs to reduce adolescent pregnancy. The results also could be used as a reference for related research and policy development in other countries.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Associated with Adolescent Pregnancy— A Sample of Taiwanese Female Adolescents

Wang¹,

Wang²,

Hsu

2002

Public Health Nursing

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“…Increased sexual activity, increased fertility, increased intended pregnancy rates, and decreased abortion in the United States can theoretically explain these outcomes, but existing data show that low rates of contraceptive use is the major reason [1,4]. Although contraception prevents an estimated 1.65 million teen pregnancies per year in the United States, only 75% of American teenagers use some form of contraception during their first sexual encounter, and less than 30% of sexually active teens 15 to 19 years of age use birth control consistently [5].…”

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confidence: 96%

School-based teenage pregnancy prevention programs: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials

Bennett

Assefi

2005

Journal of Adolescent Health

139

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“…Nationally, publicly funded family planning programs prevent 385,000 unintended pregnancies annually among adolescents aged 15-19, avoiding 154,700 teenage births and 183,300 abortions (33,47). If publicly funded services were not available, federal and state governments would spend an additional $1.2 billion annually in their Medicaid program to cover costs associated with unplanned births among teenagers, compared with $412 million spent on family planning services.…”

Section: Access To Reproductive Health and Contraceptivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If publicly funded services were not available, federal and state governments would spend an additional $1.2 billion annually in their Medicaid program to cover costs associated with unplanned births among teenagers, compared with $412 million spent on family planning services. Every public dollar spent on family planning services saved $3.00 in Medicaid costs for pregnancy-related and newborn medical care (33,47).…”

Section: Access To Reproductive Health and Contraceptivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A PUBLIC HEALTH SUCCESS: Understanding Policy Changes Related to Teen Sexual Activity and Pregnancy

Brindis

2006

Annu. Rev. Public Health

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Key Words teenage pregnancy prevention, policy strategies, adolescent reproductive health ■ Abstract Teenage pregnancy prevention has long been on the American public health agenda. Over the past decade, a number of concurrent federal, state, and local policies have responded to the myriad and diverse needs of adolescents, from supporting adolescents who have not initiated sexual intercourse to strategies aimed at avoiding a repeat pregnancy among teenage parents. Key policies, including comprehensive family life education, access to contraceptive care, and youth development, have resulted in delays in sexual debut, improved contraceptive use, and have achieved reductions in pregnancies, abortions, and births. Although improvements are documented across all ethnic and racial subgroups, substantial health disparities continue to exist. Synergistic policy approaches represent a substantial change from the past when narrow, single-issue strategies were adopted and were limited in their effectiveness. Renewed efforts to implement narrow policy approaches (e.g., abstinence-until-marriage or restrictions to contraceptive access) need to be considered in light of existing research findings. INTRODUCTIONAfter steadily rising in the late 1980s and peaking in 1991, childbearing rates among teenagers fell steadily throughout the 1990s and early twenty-first century. By 2002, the overall teenage pregnancy rate declined from 111 in 1980 to 83.6 per 1000 women aged 15-19, while the birthrate declined from 53.2 in 1980 to a record low of 41.7 per 1000 women aged 15-19 in 2003 (38, 43, 57) (Figure 1). Thus, there is now some hope that this seemingly intractable problem is beginning to change. In spite of decreases across all ethnic and racial groups, epidemiological data continue to document significant disparities within subgroups of adolescents (20,38,43,57).Young women from all economic and ethnic backgrounds face unintended pregnancies, but poor youth and youth of color are more likely to become 0163- 278BRINDIS adolescent parents (1). For example, 8% of non-Hispanic white teens had a first birth by age 20, compared to 20% of non-Hispanic black teens and 24% of Hispanics ( Figure 2) (1). Overall, there is strong agreement that teen pregnancy and birthrates in the U.S. are still too high and that reducing the number of births to teens remains an important policy goal (28,31,56,62,63). Furthermore, a growing and more ethnically and racially diverse adolescent population, coupled with the current budget crisis, and increasingly narrow policies at the federal and state levels threaten to affect these important declines (14,24). This is especially worrisome as the deleterious effects of early parenthood, especially in poor communities, have been amply documented: poorer health status for mother and her baby, worse educational outcomes, limited future employment opportunities, and greater incidence of poverty (62,63). Early parenthood is also clearly linked to an array of other critical social concerns, including welfare depen...

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Pregnancies Averted Among U.S. Teenagers by the Use of Contraceptives

Cited by 30 publications

References 17 publications

Factors Associated with Adolescent Pregnancy— A Sample of Taiwanese Female Adolescents

Factors Associated with Adolescent Pregnancy— A Sample of Taiwanese Female Adolescents

School-based teenage pregnancy prevention programs: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials

A PUBLIC HEALTH SUCCESS: Understanding Policy Changes Related to Teen Sexual Activity and Pregnancy

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