Prefrontal activation in response to emotional words in patients with bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder

Emotion does not influence prefrontal cortex activity during a visual attention task. A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study.

“…The finding that viewing different types of emotional stimuli has no impact on PFC oxy-Hb activity was surprising as previous research has demonstrated emotion-related changes in PFC oxy-Hb activity [3,10]. One possible explanation could be that participants in the current study were not successfully induced into the experimental mood conditions.…”

“…This observation is important as it demonstrates that emotion has an influence on cognition at the neural level in everyday situations. Differences in PFC oxy-Hb activity have also been observed in MDD and BD patients [10].…”

“…It has been reported that healthy individuals perform better than clinical populations in tasks involving executive control [10]. Further, it has been suggested that difficulty in utilizing top-down control processes to regulate emotion is a contributing factor in various clinical and affective disorders including major depressive disorder (MDD) [10,11], bipolar disorder (BD) [10] and borderline personality disorder [12,13]. Research investigating the influence of emotion on cognition in both healthy and clinical populations will advance our understanding of the impact of emotion on cognition.…”

“…Additionally, varying patterns of neural activity in response to positive stimuli was also evident in BP and MDD patients suggesting that different neural circuitry is involved during emotional processing in these two disorders [10]. The aforementioned fNIRS research conducted on healthy individuals and clinical populations, combined with the observation that fNIRS signals are correlated with the fMRI BOLD response, suggest that fNIRS is a suitable neuroimaging tool for investigating the neural correlates of the relationship between emotion and cognition within the PFC.…”

Abnormal functional connectivity of EEG gamma band in patients with depression during emotional face processing

“…The frontal cortex is clearly a significant component of the distributed system related to major depression (Matsubara et al, 2014). Research showed that function obstacle of the frontal area was the main reason for the deficient cognitive performance in patients with depression (Austin et al, 1999;Fossati et al, 1999), and an MRI study showed that the rostral anterior cingulate (rACC) and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) in MDD as nexus sites in the dysfunctional regulation of cognitive-affective state played a role in vulnerability to recurrence/relapse within this disorder (Nixon et al, 2013).…”