Preferred position of visual displays relative to the eyes: a field study of visual strain and individual differences

Jaschinski, Wolfgang; Heuer, Herbert; Kylian, Hannegret

doi:10.1080/001401398186586

Cited by 147 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…It was found in a study that the change from a greater to a lesser viewing distance produced a larger increase in the eyestrain when the VDTs were at eye level [13]. Another study showed that the asthenopia was less in the subjects whose viewing distance was more than 30 cm (12 inches) and that it was the highest when the viewing distance was less than 30 cm (12 inches), which was statistically significant [3].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Evaluation of the Factors which Contribute to the Ocular Complaints in Computer Users

Agarwal

Goel²,

Sharma³

2013

JCDR

101

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Context: Use of information technology hardware given new heights to professional success rate and saves time but on the other hand its harmful effect has introduced an array of health related complaints causing hazards for our human health. Increased use of computers has led to an increase in the number of patients with ocular complaints which are being grouped together as computer vision syndrome (CVS). In view of that, this study was undertaken to find out the ocular complaints and the factors contributing to occurrence of such problems in computer users. Aims:To evaluate the factors contributing to Ocular complaints in computer users in Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, U.P. India. Settings and Design:Community-based cross-sectional study of 150 subjects who work on computer for varying period of time in Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh. Materials and Methods:Two hundred computer operators working in different institutes offices and bank of were selected randomly in Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, and Uttar Pradesh. 16 were non responders 18 did not come for assessment and 16 were excluded due to complaints prior to computer use making no response rate Twenty-one did not participate in the study, making the no response rate 25%. Rest of the subjects (n = 150) were asked to fill a pre-tested questionnaire, after obtaining their verbal consent Depending on the average hours of usage in a day, they were categorized into three categories viz. <2 hrs, 2-6 hrs, >6 hrs of usage. All the responders were asked to come to the Ophthalmic OPD for further interview and assessment. Statistical Analysis Used:Simple proportions and Chi-square test.Results: Among the 150 subjects studied major ocular complaint reported in descending order were eyestrain. (53%). Occurrence of eye strain, ( 53.8%), itching ( 47.6%) and burning (66.7%) in subjects using computer for more than 6 hours. distance from computer screen with respect to eyes, use of antiglare screen, taking frequent breaks, use of LCD monitor and adjustment of brightness of monitor screen bear a significant association with these ocular complaints in computer users. Conclusions:Eye strain is the most common ocular complaints among computer users working for more than 6 hours a day. We also found that maintaining ideal distance from screen, keeping level of eyes above the top of screen, taking frequent breaks, using LCD monitors and using antiglare screen and adjusting brightness levels according to workplace reduced these ocular complaints to a significant level.Smita agarWal, DiShanter goel, anShu Sharma

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Studies have reported increased odds ratios for certain eye discomfort symptoms when the computer operators kept the terminal at about the eye level rather than below the eye level [10]. Studies have found that high screens result in greater eyestrain than the low screens [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Factors which Contribute to the Ocular Complaints in Computer Users

Agarwal

Goel²,

Sharma³

2013

JCDR

101

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“…Chair design has the potential to influence viewing angle and distance. Recommended optimum viewing ranges vary from 50 to 100 cm (Taptagaporn and Saito, 1993;Taptagaporn et al, 1995;Jaschinski et al, 1998). Recent studies suggest the optimum distance is linked to the user's vision system and is best chosen by the worker (Jainta and Jaschinski, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A field intervention examining the impact of an office ergonomics training and a highly adjustable chair on visual symptoms in a public sector organization

Amick

Menéndez

Bazzani³

et al. 2012

Applied Ergonomics

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Objective-Examine the effect of a multi-component office ergonomics intervention on visual symptom reductions.Methods-Office workers were assigned to either a group receiving a highly adjustable chair with office ergonomics training (CWT), a training-only group (TO) or a control group (C). A work environment and health questionnaire was administered 2 and 1 month(s) pre-intervention and 3, 6, and 12 months post-intervention. Multi-level statistical models tested hypotheses.Results-The CWT intervention lowered daily visual symptoms (p < 0.01) post-intervention. The TO group did not significantly differ from the control group. The CWT group differed significantly from the TO group (p = 0.01) post-intervention. Conclusion-Workerswho received a highly adjustable chair and office ergonomics training had reduced visual symptoms and the effect was maintained through twelve months postintervention. The lack of a training-only group effect supports implementing training in conjunction with the highly adjustable chair to reduce visual symptoms.

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“…Poor workstation design coupled with high workload, postural demands, and job demands have been found to contribute to shoulder, neck, back, and wrist-hand discomfort or pain [2][3][4] . Furthermore, improper illumination and glare, work demands, computer screen design, and task characteristics have been found to contribute to visual discomfort 5,6) . Since computerized jobs are more sedentary, and require more cognitive processing and mental attention, many jobs that require heavy daily computer use have been found to be stressful 7,8) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Work Duration or Physical Symptoms on Mental Health among Japanese Visual Display Terminal Users

Honda

Abe

et al. 2007

Ind Health

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The present study examined the relationship of work duration or physical symptoms to the mental health of visual display terminal (VDT) workers in Japan. The mental health status of 2,327 VDT users at an administrative office was investigated using the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Subjects were asked about their age, sex, hours of daily VDT use, rest and breaks during VDT work, eyestrain, and musculoskeletal pain. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the associations with mental health status (GHQ-12 scores). The mean age of subjects was 39.5 yr (SD=10.3). Among all subjects, 36.7% could rest during VDT work and 66.9% received breaks during VDT work. The proportion of subjects who reported eyestrain and musculoskeletal pain were 19.6% and 25.7%, respectively. Eighteen percent of subjects were classified into a GHQ-12 high score group. Logistic regression analysis showed that age less than 40 yr, not receiving breaks during VDT work, and the presence of eyestrain and musculoskeletal pain were significantly associated with poor mental health status (high GHQ-12 scores). Using a VDT for more than 5 h/d and being female were also marginally associated with high GHQ scores (p<0.1). In conclusion, the management of physical health as well as work duration is important for good mental health status among VDT users.

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Preferred position of visual displays relative to the eyes: a field study of visual strain and individual differences

Cited by 147 publications

References 23 publications

Evaluation of the Factors which Contribute to the Ocular Complaints in Computer Users

Evaluation of the Factors which Contribute to the Ocular Complaints in Computer Users

A field intervention examining the impact of an office ergonomics training and a highly adjustable chair on visual symptoms in a public sector organization

Influence of Work Duration or Physical Symptoms on Mental Health among Japanese Visual Display Terminal Users

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