Preface

Nanci, Antonio

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-07846-7.00021-5

Cited by 190 publications

(353 citation statements)

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“…Periodontal tissues including cementum, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone originate from the dental follicle, and are located on the outside of the tooth root (Nanci, ). Because of the role these tissues play in the support of the tooth root within the tooth socket, every effort must be made to maintain their vitality and function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After crown formation, the inner and outer enamel epithelia fuse at the lower edge of the enamel organ and thereby form a bilayer tissue referred to as Hertwig's epithelial root sheath (HERS). HERS bends inward during tooth root formation and extends between the dental papilla and dental follicle (Luan et al, ; Nanci, ). HERS has been generally accepted as the principal region controlling root development, because HERS disappears upon the completion of root formation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Localization of RELM‐β/FIZZ2 Is Associated with Cementum Formation

Hosoya

Takahama

Nakamura

2017

The Anatomical Record

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Resistin-like molecule-β/found in inflammatory zone 2 (RELM-β/FIZZ2) is a cysteine-rich secretory protein that is localized in the epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract and lung alveoli. Previous reports have suggested that this protein regulates glucose metabolism and inflammation. In the present study, to analyze the involvement of RELM-β/FIZZ2 in tooth development, we immunohistochemically examined the localization of RELM-β/FIZZ2 in tooth germs of embryonic days (E) 15-20 and postnatal days (P) 7-42 rats. RELM-β/FIZZ2 was hardly detected in the tooth germ at the bud (E15) stage. However, at the cap (E17) and bell (E20) stages, this protein was detectable in the inner enamel epithelium; whereas cells in the other parts of the enamel organ including the outer enamel epithelium and stellate reticulum did not show the immunoreactivity. During the root formation stage (P14-28), cells in Hertwig's epithelial root sheath (HERS) localized RELM-β/FIZZ2. Intense immunoreactivity was also seen in the matrix of the root dentin facing the HERS and the dental follicle. This reactivity was not present on the more upwardly located dentin surface. In contrast, cementum matrix positive for osteopontin and bone sialoprotein was observed on the dentin instead of immunoreactivity for RELM-β/FIZZ2. Osterix-positive cells, indicating cementoblast progenitors, were also detected in the dental follicle near the matrix positive for RELM-β/FIZZ2. These results suggest that RELM-β/FIZZ2 secreted by the inner enamel epithelium was mainly localized in the matrix at the surface of the apical root dentin and might be involved in cementogenesis. Anat Rec, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Anat Rec, 300:1865-1874, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization of RELM‐β/FIZZ2 Is Associated with Cementum Formation

Hosoya

Takahama

Nakamura

2017

The Anatomical Record

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“…Amelogenesis is the developmental process of dental enamel formation. Amelogenesis involves two major functional stages, secretory and maturation, and these stages are clearly demarcated by a transition zone in the continuously growing rodent incisor teeth [ 1 ]. The transition of ameloblasts from secretory to maturation stage, characterized by both morphological and functional changes, results in the formation of mature enamel with ordered crystallite structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gene dysregulation at any stage of amelogenesis can result in a group of hereditary conditions called Amelogenesis Imperfecta (AI) that adversely affect the structure and appearance of enamel [ 2 – 6 ]. Although researchers today have a very clear idea of the molecular activities that define secretory-stage amelogenesis [ 1 ], the molecular events that define enamel maturation remain understudied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide analysis of miRNA and mRNA transcriptomes during amelogenesis

et al. 2014

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BackgroundIn the rodent incisor during amelogenesis, as ameloblast cells transition from secretory stage to maturation stage, their morphology and transcriptome profiles change dramatically. Prior whole genome transcriptome analysis has given a broad picture of the molecular activities dominating both stages of amelogenesis, but this type of analysis has not included miRNA transcript profiling. In this study, we set out to document which miRNAs and corresponding target genes change significantly as ameloblasts transition from secretory- to maturation-stage amelogenesis.ResultsTotal RNA samples from both secretory- and maturation-stage rat enamel organs were subjected to genome-wide miRNA and mRNA transcript profiling. We identified 59 miRNAs that were differentially expressed at the maturation stage relative to the secretory stage of enamel development (False Discovery Rate (FDR) < 0.05, fold change (FC) ≥ 1.8). In parallel, transcriptome profiling experiments identified 1,729 mRNA transcripts that were differentially expressed in the maturation stage compared to the secretory stage (FDR < 0.05, FC ≥1.8). Based on bioinformatics analyses, 5.8% (629 total) of these differentially expressed genes (DEGS) were highlighted as being the potential targets of 59 miRNAs that were differentially expressed in the opposite direction, in the same tissue samples. Although the number of predicted target DEGs was not higher than baseline expectations generated by examination of stably expressed miRNAs, Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed that these 629 DEGS were enriched for ion transport, pH regulation, calcium handling, endocytotic, and apoptotic activities. Seven differentially expressed miRNAs (miR-21, miR-31, miR-488, miR-153, miR-135b, miR-135a and miR298) in secretory- and/or maturation-stage enamel organs were confirmed by in situ hybridization. Further, we used luciferase reporter assays to provide evidence that two of these differentially expressed miRNAs, miR-153 and miR-31, are potential regulators for their predicated target mRNAs, Lamp1 (miR-153) and Tfrc (miR-31).ConclusionsIn conclusion, these data indicate that miRNAs exhibit a dynamic expression pattern during the transition from secretory-stage to maturation-stage tooth enamel formation. Although they represent only one of numerous mechanisms influencing gene activities, miRNAs specific to the maturation stage could be involved in regulating several key processes of enamel maturation by influencing mRNA stability and translation.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2164-15-998) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…The isotopic ratios of interest are incorporated into the forming tissue, which subsequently mineralizes. Although all aspects of the mineralization process are not understood (Nanci 2012), mineralization appears to follow approximately two weeks after initial matrix formation (Burt and Garvie-Lok 2013).…”

Section: Tooth Development and Child Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%