Preemergence Control of Nine Invasive Weeds with Aminocyclopyrachlor, Aminopyralid, and Indaziflam

Abstract

This Report provides a strategic approach for conservation of sagebrush ecosystems and Greater SageGrouse (sage-grouse) that focuses specifically on habitat threats caused by invasive annual grasses and altered fire regimes. It uses information on factors that influence (1) sagebrush ecosystem resilience to disturbance and resistance to invasive annual grasses and (2) distribution, relative abundance, and persistence of sage-grouse populations to develop management strategies at both landscape and site scales. A sage-grouse habitat matrix links relative resilience and resistance of sagebrush ecosystems with sage-grouse habitat requirements for landscape cover of sagebrush to help decision makers assess risks and determine appropriate management strategies at landscape scales. Focal areas for management are assessed by overlaying matrix components with sage-grouse Priority Areas for Conservation (PACs), breeding bird densities, and specific habitat threats. Decision tools are discussed for determining the suitability of focal areas for treatment and the most appropriate management treatments.

Indaziflam: a new cellulose‐biosynthesis‐inhibiting herbicide provides long‐term control of invasive winter annual grasses

“…In this study, we provide the first field data showing that indaziflam can provide superior residual control of multiple invasive winter annual grasses (downy brome, feral rye, Japanese brome) compared with the currently recommended herbicide, imazapic. These data directly support the limited field and greenhouse studies that have been conducted evaluating the effectiveness of indaziflam to provide residual control of invasive winter annual grasses and other invasive biennial weeds in open spaces and natural areas. Overall, indaziflam provided residual control 2 YAT, ultimately reducing the seed rain back into the soil seed bank.…”

Native seeds incorporated into activated carbon pods applied concurrently with indaziflam: a new strategy for restoring annual‐invaded communities?

“…Although not currently registered for use on grazing lands (Bayer ), our results indicate that indaziflam may be a promising restoration tool for annual grass‐invaded communities. Indaziflam has longer soil activity compared to other common preemergent herbicides (Sebastian et al , , , ) that affords seeded restoration species a longer establishment window before experiencing competition from reinvading annual grass. However, land managers cannot seed until indaziflam soil activity significantly diminishes in order to avoid desired‐species damage.…”

“…HPPs expand our options to restore exotic annual‐invaded wildlands. Long‐term control of invasive weeds is often limited with herbicides alone and results in rapid reinfestations before native plants are restored (Sebastian et al ). HPPs, when combined with a preemergent herbicide, may enhance the control of invasive weeds by increasing the establishment of desired species and limiting reinfestation during seedling growth.…”

“…Indaziflam is a new preemergent herbicide which has a longer soil residue time compared to other preemergent herbicides used on rangelands (Brabham et al ; Sebastian et al ). Compared to imazapic, indaziflam has exhibited greater and longer lasting control of invasive species up to 3 years after treatment (Sebastian et al , , ).…”

Plant silicon as a factor in medusahead (Taeniatherum caput-medusae) invasion

“…This may in part be due to the accumulated litter inhibiting penetration of the herbicide to the soil surface (Kyser et al 2007) or rapid degradation in warmer soils (Kyser et al 2012b). A new herbicide, indazaflam, has been shown to effectively control annual grasses through its PRE residual capacity (Sebastian et al 2016a(Sebastian et al , 2016b(Sebastian et al , 2017a(Sebastian et al , 2017b, but it is not yet labeled for areas grazed by livestock. This poses a problem, as most areas heavily infested with T. caput-medusae are also used for livestock production.…”