Predictors of the Psychosocial Health of Children and Adolescents With Obesity and Overweight: the Underappreciated Role of Physical Fitness

Eisenburger, Nina; Friesen, David; Haas, Fabiola; Klaudius, Marlen; Schmidt, Lisa; Vandeven, Susanne; Joisten, Christine

doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-562059/v1

2021

DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-562059/v1

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Predictors of the Psychosocial Health of Children and Adolescents With Obesity and Overweight: the Underappreciated Role of Physical Fitness

Nina Eisenburger

David Friesen

Fabiola Haas

et al.

Abstract: Background: Childhood and adolescent obesity impacts on various dimensions of psychosocial health, including health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and personal self-concept. Detecting inhibitory and promotive factors of psychosocial health could contribute to the development of more effective obesity management. In this context, the role of physical fitness among the predicting variables of psychosocial health has rarely been investigated.Objective: To identify relevant predictors of weight-specific HRQOL and… Show more

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Cited by 3 publications

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Secular Trend of Self-Concept in the Context of Childhood Obesity—Data from the CHILT III Programme, Cologne

et al. 2023

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Juvenile obesity is associated with a lower self-concept. Given the continued prevalence of obesity, we examined the secular trend of body mass index standard deviation score (BMI-SDS) and self-concept in participants of a German weight management programme (n = 242, 53.3% female, mean age 12.5 ± 2.1 years, mean BMI-SDS 2.45 ± 0.46) over a period of 15 years. Anthropometric data, physical fitness (watt/kg), and demographic data were assessed. The years 2005 to 2020 were grouped into six sections containing a mean of n = 40 participants. The questionnaire for the assessment of self and competence in children (FSK-K) was used to assess the following domains: “scholastic competence”, “social competence”, “physical appearance”, “global self-worth”, and “behavioural conduct”. No significant between-group differences in self-assessment across self-concept domains were found. In all time periods, heavier children assigned the lowest rating to physical appearance. Social competence increased with higher physical fitness. Even though no negative trend in the self-concept of children with obesity was found in this cohort, the findings confirmed an association between juvenile overweight/obesity and lower physical self-concept, and between a better social competence and increasing physical fitness. Accompanying psychosocial care, therefore, rightly remains an important pillar of obesity therapy.

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Secular Trend of Self-Concept in the Context of Childhood Obesity—Data from the CHILT III Programme, Cologne

et al. 2023

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HOMA Index, Vitamin D Levels, Body Composition and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Juvenile Obesity: Data from the CHILT III Programme, Cologne

Fraemke

Ferrari

Friesen

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Juvenile obesity is associated with insulin resistance, among other comorbidities. In the pathogenesis of insulin-resistance-related diseases, including obesity and diabetes, Vitamin D deficiency is very common. Therefore, the relationship between insulin resistance, body composition, vitamin D level, and cardiorespiratory fitness in obese children and youth were analyzed based on the Children’s Health InterventionaL Trial III project, Germany. Data on vitamin D levels and homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) indices were available from 147 participants (52.4% female; 90.5% obese; 12.3 ± 2.3 years, BMI: 30.5 ± 5.2 kg/m2, BMI standard deviation score (BMI-SDS): 2.52 ± 0.46). Vitamin D levels correlated negatively with the HOMA index, BMI, BMI-SDS, abdominal circumference, and body fat percentage but positively with relative cardiorespiratory fitness (p < 0.05 in each case). In the backward stepwise linear regression analysis, body fat (in kg; β = 0.403) and vitamin D levels (β = −0.154) explained 21.0% of the variance in the HOMA index. In summary, increased body fat and lower vitamin D levels are associated with increased HOMA indices in overweight and obese children and adolescents. In order to prevent potential negative consequences, including the development of manifest Type 2 diabetes, a healthy lifestyle with a vitamin-D-enriched diet and more time spent outdoors should be promoted.

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Alcohol, Tobacco and Cannabis Consumption on Physical Activity and Physical and Social Self-Concept in Secondary School Students: An Explanatory Model Regarding Gender

Melguizo-Ibáñez

Zurita-Ortega

González-Valero

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Nowadays, the adolescent population consumes substances that are harmful to health at an earlier age. Therefore, the present research aimed to (i) develop an explanatory model of tobacco, alcohol, and cannabis consumption on physical self-concept, social self-concept, and physical activity practice and (ii) contrast the model through a multi-group analysis according to the gender of the participants. For this purpose, descriptive, comparative, and cross-sectional research was carried out on adolescent students (M = 13.91; SD = 1.31, years), using the Self-Concept Form 5 Questionnaire, the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents (PAQ-A), and the State Survey on Drug Use in Secondary Education (ETUDES) for data collection. Findings revealed that the consumption of harmful substances has a positive impact on the social area and the practice of physical exercise, showing a negative relationship between the latter variable and the social and physical area of self-concept.

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Predictors of the Psychosocial Health of Children and Adolescents With Obesity and Overweight: the Underappreciated Role of Physical Fitness

Cited by 3 publications

References 28 publications

Secular Trend of Self-Concept in the Context of Childhood Obesity—Data from the CHILT III Programme, Cologne

Secular Trend of Self-Concept in the Context of Childhood Obesity—Data from the CHILT III Programme, Cologne

HOMA Index, Vitamin D Levels, Body Composition and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Juvenile Obesity: Data from the CHILT III Programme, Cologne

Alcohol, Tobacco and Cannabis Consumption on Physical Activity and Physical and Social Self-Concept in Secondary School Students: An Explanatory Model Regarding Gender

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