Predictors of suicidal acts across adolescence: Influences of familial, peer and individual factors

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Relationships between depression and coping among nonattempters, attempters, and repeaters of suicidal acts were examined across adolescence. A representative sample of students (T1: n = 2464; mean age, 13.7 years; 50.8% female; 88.3% participation) was reassessed with the same questionnaire after 1 year (T2). High scorers on the Mood and Feelings Questionnaire were gender- and age-matched randomly with low and middle scorers. This subset was assessed using diagnostic interviews at T2 (n = 345, 94% participation) and 5 years later using the same interview and questionnaire (T3, n = 252; mean age, 20.0 years; 73% participation). The Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations measured coping as three stable traits. Coping changed partly with age, depression, and attempt status. Differences in depression emerged before coping differences and remained stable. Consistently, repeaters reported higher depression and lesser task-oriented coping. Antecedent depression predicted decreased task-oriented coping and increased emotional coping at age 20 years.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Suicide Attempters and Repeaters

Nrugham¹,

Holen²,

Sund³

2012

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“…The mean MFQ score for the full original sample was 10.6 (SD, 9.5; n = 2464), whereas the present subset had a mean score of 26.4 (SD, 14.6; n = 242) at T1. Details of MFQ scores in this subset have been reported (Nrugham et al, 2008a(Nrugham et al, , 2008b.…”

Section: Questionnairementioning

confidence: 99%

Prognosis and Psychosocial Outcomes of Attempted Suicide by Early Adolescence

Nrugham¹,

Holen²,

Sund³

2015

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Adulthood psychiatric and psychosocial outcomes of early adolescence suicidal acts were studied. A representative sample of school adolescents (T1, mean age, 13.7 years; n = 2464; 50.8% female; 88.3% participation) was followed up a year later with the same questionnaire (T2). High scorers of depression were matched with low or moderate scorers and interviewed using the Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Present and Lifetime version (mean age, 14.9 years; n = 345; 94% participation). They were reassessed after 5 years (T3, mean age, 20.0 years; n = 242; 73% participation). Those who attempted suicide before the age of 14 years and repeated suicidal acts between ages 14 and 15 years had worser prognostic profiles than incident cases between ages 14 and 15 years. Male attempters had better psychiatric prognosis than female attempters. Attempters were more likely to have contacted child protection services but not mental health services. Clinicians need to be aware of long-term pervasive outcomes of adolescent suicidality.

“…A clustered sampling technique resulted in a representative sample of 2792 students from 22 schools. A detailed description of the sampling procedure, the original sample (Sund et al, 2001;Sund et al, 2003), and the current sample (Nrugham et al, 2008) is provided elsewhere. All three assessments were approved by the Regional Committee for Medical Research Ethics, Central Norway, and at T1 and T2, also by the local school authorities of the two counties and their school boards.…”

Section: Design and Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations Between Attempted Suicide, Violent Life Events, Depressive Symptoms, and Resilience in Adolescents and Young Adults

Nrugham

Holen²,

Sund³

2010

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108

Were violent/nonviolent traumatic life events and victimization by/witnessing violence associates of attempted suicide among depressed adolescents who were also less resilient at early adulthood? The present study examined a subset of mainly depressed, age- and gender-matched, adolescents derived from a representative sample of 2464 students (T1, mean age = 13.7 years) followed up after 1 year (T2Q) and reassessed 5 years later (T3, n = 252, mean age = 20.0 years, 73% participation), with a questionnaire, including the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and The Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Present and Lifetime version psychiatric interviews, which also tapped traumatic life events. Logistic regression analyses revealed that attempters were victims, not witnesses of violence, more depressed, and less resilient than nonattempters, and that resilience was a moderator of lifetime violent events and attempted suicide, even in the presence of antecedent depression.