Predictors of Readiness to Change Young Adult Drug Use in Community Health Settings

Alley, Ebon S.; Ryan, Tiffany N.; Sternberg, Kirk von

doi:10.3109/10826084.2013.825920

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…These findings are consistent with previous research that links markers of high-intensity substance use and addiction treatment readiness (Alley et al 2014, Zule et al 2003, Nwakaze et al 2002). Daily heroin use has also been identified as a predictor of willingness to participate in pharmacologic addiction treatment trials (Uhlmann et al 2015).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Income generation and attitudes towards addiction treatment among people who use illicit drugs in a Canadian setting

Luongo

Dong

Milloy

et al. 2017

Addictive Behaviors

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Introduction Socioeconomically marginalized people who use illicit drugs (PWUD) often engage in alternative income generating activities to meet their basic needs. These activities commonly carry a number of health and social risks, which may prompt some PWUD to consider addiction treatment to reduce their drug use or drug-related expenses. We sought to determine whether engaging in certain forms of income generation was independently associated with self-reported need for addiction treatment among a cohort of PWUD in Vancouver, Canada. Methods Data from two prospective cohorts of PWUD in Vancouver were used in generalized estimating equations to identify factors associated with self-reported need for addiction treatment, with a focus on income generating activities. Results Between June 2013 and May 2014, 1285 respondents participated in the study of whom 483 (34.1%) were female and 396 (30.8%) indicated that they needed addiction treatment. In final multivariate analyses, key factors significantly and positively associated with self-reported need for addiction treatment included engaging in illegal income generating activities (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.96, 95% Confidence Interval [CI}: 1.11-3.46); sex work (AOR = 1.61, 95% CI: 1.05-2.47), homelessness (AOR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.22-2.25); and recent engagement in counselling (AOR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.40-2.44). Discussion Our results suggest that key markers of socioeconomic marginalization are strongly linked with a stated need for addiction treatment. These findings underscore the need to provide appropriate and accessible addiction treatment access to marginalized PWUD and to consider alternative approaches to reduce socioeconomic disadvantage.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Income generation and attitudes towards addiction treatment among people who use illicit drugs in a Canadian setting

Luongo

Dong

Milloy

et al. 2017

Addictive Behaviors

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“…At the same time, other studies have pointed to a higher prevalence among younger females with more severe drug problems [27, 28]. The increase in alcohol harm reduction with age may be explained by Winick’s (1962) ‘maturing out’ hypothesis, which states that most drug use declines as individuals get older due to a stabilisation in emotions [29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of and reasons for attempts to reduce alcohol intake: A population survey of adults in England

et al. 2017

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ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the predictors among high-risk drinkers in England of attempts to reduce alcohol consumption, the reasons given for these attempts and the association between the various reasons and alcohol consumption.MethodData came from 2,800 high-risk drinkers taking part in the Alcohol Toolkit Study (ATS) between March 2014 and November 2016 who were attempting to reduce their alcohol consumption. Participants completed the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and were asked questions regarding their socio-demographic characteristics, attempts to cut down and reasons for doing so.ResultsThose cutting down were significantly older (OR 1.01, p<0.001), were more likely to be female (OR 1.32, p<0.05), had higher AUDIT-C scores (OR 1.12, p<0. 001), were less likely to be of white ethnicity (OR 0.64, p<0. 001), and were more likely to reside in the South of England (OR 1.34, p<0. 001). They were also more likely to be of higher occupationally-based social-grades (p<0. 001). The main reported reasons for reducing consumption were: fitness (22.5%), weight loss (20.4%), future health (20.4%), advice from a health-care professional (7.9%) and cost (7.6%). Those reporting the followings reasons for cutting down had higher AUDIT-C scores than those who did not report these reasons: a concern about further health problems (β 0.20, p<0.05), advice from a doctor/health worker (β 0.38, p<0.05), that drinking was too expensive (β 0.42, p<0.01) and detoxification (β 0.42, p<0.01). Lower AUDIT-C scores were noted among those who reported that they knew someone who was cutting down (β -0.67, p<0.05), that there was no reason (β -0.36, p<0.05), or they didn’t know why they were cutting down (β -0.25, p<0.05).ConclusionsAround a fifth of high-risk drinkers in England report trying to reduce their drinking, particularly older, high-socioeconomic female drinkers from the south of England. Attempts to cut down appear to be driven by a desire to improve health, advice from others and cutting down on the cost of drinking.

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“…Mixed findings have been found for the association between socio-demographic factors (such as age, race and gender), and RTC substance use [ 29 , 37 ]. While mental health problems such as depression are strongly associated with substance use problems [ 41 ] and several studies have shown that depression is associated with greater RTC substance use [ 42 – 44 ], others have found no significant association [ 41 , 45 , 46 ]. While methodological differences in the choice of RTC measures and depression screeners may account for these equivocal findings, the relationship between depression and RTC substance use, particular in ED populations, requires further study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Readiness to change is a predictor of reduced substance use involvement: findings from a randomized controlled trial of patients attending South African emergency departments

et al. 2016

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BackgroundThis study examines whether readiness to change is a predictor of substance use outcomes and explores factors associated with RTC substance use among patients at South African emergency departments.MethodsWe use data from participants enrolled into a randomized controlled trial of a brief substance use intervention conducted in three emergency departments in Cape Town, South Africa.ResultsIn adjusted analyses, the SOCRATES “Recognition” (B = 11.6; 95 % CI = 6.2–17.0) and “Taking Steps” score (B = -9.5; 95 % CI = -15.5- -3.5) as well as alcohol problems (B = 4.4; 95 % CI = 0.9–7.9) predicted change in substance use involvement at 3 month follow-up. Severity of depression (B = 0.2; 95 % CI = 0.1–0.3), methamphetamine use (B = 3.4; 95 % CI = 0.5- 6.3) and substance-related injury (B = 1.9; 95 % CI = 0.6–3.2) were associated with greater recognition of the need for change. Depression (B = 0.1; 95 % CI = 0.04 -0.1) and methamphetamine use (B = 2.3; 95 % CI = 0.1 -4.2) were also associated with more ambivalence about whether to change. Participants who presented with an injury that was preceded by substance use were less likely to be taking steps to reduce their substance use compared to individuals who did not (B = -1.7; 95 % CI = -5.0- -0.6).ConclusionFindings suggest that brief interventions for this population should include a strong focus on building readiness to change substance use through motivational enhancement strategies. Findings also suggest that providing additional support to individuals with depression may enhance intervention outcomes.Trial registrationThis trial registered with the Pan African Clinical Trial Registry (PACTR201308000591418) on 14/07/2013.

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Predictors of Readiness to Change Young Adult Drug Use in Community Health Settings

Cited by 11 publications

References 38 publications

Income generation and attitudes towards addiction treatment among people who use illicit drugs in a Canadian setting

Income generation and attitudes towards addiction treatment among people who use illicit drugs in a Canadian setting

Predictors of and reasons for attempts to reduce alcohol intake: A population survey of adults in England

Readiness to change is a predictor of reduced substance use involvement: findings from a randomized controlled trial of patients attending South African emergency departments

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