Predictors of Occult Chondral Injury Sustained After a Primary Patellar Dislocation

Kolaczko, Jensen G.; Haase, Lucas; Kaufman, Matthew R.; Calcei, Jacob G.; Karns, Michael R.

doi:10.7759/cureus.22516

Cited by 2 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…Jungesblut et al [ 43 ] showed BMI ≥ 25 as an independent predictor associated with the appearance of femoral OCIs (OR = 1.406, p = 0.007). However, neither Kolaczko et al [ 44 ] nor Fones et al [ 41 ] found a difference in BMI between patients with and without OCIs (p = 0.49 and p = 0.456, respectively).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The overall prevalence of OCIs was 57.4%. All included studies were observational, including four prospective cohort studies [ 19 , 45 , 47 , 49 ] and 12 retrospective cohort studies [ 2 , 17 , 18 , 29 , 38 , 40 – 44 , 46 , 48 ]. For the diagnosis methods of OCIs, 10 studies were based on MRI, five on arthroscopy or surgery, and one on ultrasonography.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Four studies extracted the relationship between BMI and OCIs [ 41 – 44 ]. Holliday et al [ 42 ] found that BMI was associated with OCIs by univariate logistic regression (OR = 1.1, p = 0.03).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors associated with an increased risk of osteochondral injuries after patellar dislocations: a systematic review

Yi,

Zhang,

et al. 2023

J Orthop Surg Res

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Purpose The purpose of the study was to summarize the available evidence and identify risk factors for osteochondral injuries (OCIs) after patellar dislocations. Methods A systematic literature review was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and China national knowledge infrastructure from inception to December 22, 2022, according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines. Studies regarding risk factors for OCIs after patellar dislocations were included. Literature search, data extraction, and quality assessment were performed independently by two authors. Results A total of 16 studies with 1945 patients were included. The risk factors for OCIs after patellar dislocation were categorized into four main categories, including demographic characteristics, patellar depth and position, femoral trochlear morphology, and other risk factors in this study. Five and three studies supported the idea that male sex and skeletal maturation may be risk factors, respectively. Normal femoral trochlea (two studies) and complete medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) injuries (two studies) may be associated with the development of OCIs. Three studies show that ligamentous laxity or joint hypermobility may prevent OCIs. Patellar depth and position (eight studies) may not be associated with the development of OCIs. Conclusions Based on the available evidence, an increased risk of OCIs following patellar dislocation may be associated with male sex and skeletal maturation. Furthermore, normal femoral trochlea and complete MPFL injuries may increase the risk of OCIs, while factors such as ligamentous laxity or joint hypermobility may reduce the risk. Level of Evidence Level IV, systematic review of Level II and IV studies.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors associated with an increased risk of osteochondral injuries after patellar dislocations: a systematic review

Yi,

Zhang,

et al. 2023

J Orthop Surg Res

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“… § References 1 - 6 , 13 , 16 , 17 , 19 , 22 , 23 , 25 , 27 , 29 , 31 - 43 , 45 , 48 , 51 - 55 , 57 - 59 . …”

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“… ** References 1 , 3 - 7 , 13 , 16 , 17 , 22 , 25 , 29 , 31 - 35 , 37 , 40 - 43 , 45 , 48 , 51 , 52 , 55 , 58 . …”

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Prevalence and Site of Concomitant Osteochondral Injuries in Patients With Acute Lateral Patellar Dislocation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Yi,

Jiang,

Liu

et al. 2024

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine

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Background: Osteochondral injuries (OCIs) are common in patients with acute lateral patellar dislocation, which can produce both short- and long-;term adverse effects. However, the pattern of these injuries warrants further analysis, especially in relation to patient age. Purpose: To determine the overall prevalence of concomitant OCIs as well as the prevalence differences based on location and age after acute lateral patellar dislocations. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library was completed from inception to July 20, 2022. All articles reporting the prevalence of OCI were included. The sample characteristics such as age, study design, magnetic resonance imaging diagnostic data, and the number of patients with OCI were extracted. The Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies (MINORS) was used for quality assessment. The overall and per-;site injury rates were calculated, and the prevalence was stratified by age-;group (≤16 and >16 years) and compared. Results: The systematic review included 39 studies involving 3354 patients. MINORS scores were 11.94 ± 1.98 and 16 ± 3.46 in the noncomparative and comparative studies, respectively. The overall prevalence of bone bruises and OCI was 89.6% (95% CI, 77.4%-97.7%) and 48.8% (95% CI, 39.0%-58.7%), respectively. In both overall and >16-year-old patients, the lateral femoral condyle (LFC) was the most common site of bone bruise (90.5% [95% CI, 84.0%-95.6%] and 91.5% [95% CI, 84.3%-96.9%], respectively); however, the medial patellar bruise was more common in patients ≤16 years (89.2% [95% CI, 82.9%-94.4%]). Among the pooled sites of OCI, the medial patella accounted for the largest proportion (36.9% [95% CI, 28.0%-46.3%]). OCIs were more common in patients >16 years (52.6% [95% CI, 39.4%-65.6%]) than in patients ≤16 years (46.6% [95% CI, 33.2%-60.3%]). Conclusion: Bone bruises on the LFC were most prevalent overall and in patients >16 years, whereas bone bruises on the medial patella were more prevalent in patients ≤16 years. OCIs were frequently seen in patients >16 years, with the most common site being the medial patella.

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Predictors of Occult Chondral Injury Sustained After a Primary Patellar Dislocation

Cited by 2 publications

References 23 publications

Factors associated with an increased risk of osteochondral injuries after patellar dislocations: a systematic review

Factors associated with an increased risk of osteochondral injuries after patellar dislocations: a systematic review

Prevalence and Site of Concomitant Osteochondral Injuries in Patients With Acute Lateral Patellar Dislocation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

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