Predictors of mothers’ use of spanking with their infants

Combs‐Orme, Terri; Cain, Daphne S.

doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2007.08.006

Cited by 42 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Although prior studies have shown that parental spanking has adverse consequences for child wellbeing, few studies have examined the consequences of spanking of 1-year-olds (for exceptions see studies by Bugental et al, 2003; Combs-Orme & Cain, 2008; Crandall et al, 2006; Maguire-Jack et al, 2012; Zolotor et al, 2011). To our knowledge, this is the first study using prospective analysis of a community-based sample of families to show that, even after accounting for numerous household and parenting risk factors such as maternal depression, spanking of 1-year-old children is associated with increased risk for household CPS involvement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, few studies have examined whether spanking is associated with subsequent Child Protective Services (CPS) involvement or child maltreatment. Prior studies have looked at the predictors of spanking infants (e.g., Combs-Orme & Cain, 2008; MacKenzie, Nicklas, Brooks-Gunn, & Waldfogel, 2011; Zolotor et al, 2011) and have used cross-sectional data to show that spanking young children (Hemenway, Solnick, & Carter, 1994; Trickett & Kuczynski, 1986) or infants (Zolotor et al, 2011) was associated with concurrent use of physically abusive parenting behaviors (Hemenway et al, 1994; Trickett & Kuczynski, 1986; Zolotor et al, 2011), higher levels of infant injury (Crandall, Chiu, & Sheehan, 2006), and greater hormonal reactivity to stress among infants (Bugental, Martorell, & Barraza, 2003). In addition, an evaluation by Chaffin et al (2004) found that abusive parents who were already involved with the child welfare system and participated in a parenting program that explicitly counseled them not to use corporal punishment had lower levels of maltreatment recidivism (i.e., fewer CPS re-reports) than a control group of matched parents who received a similar intervention without content on spanking (Chaffin et al, 2004).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Parental spanking of 1-year-old children and subsequent child protective services involvement

Lee

Grogan‐Kaylor

Berger

2014

Child Abuse & Neglect

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The majority of U.S. parents spank their children, often beginning when their children are very young. We examined families (N=2,788) who participated in a longitudinal community-based study of new births in urban areas. Prospective analyses examined whether spanking by the child's mother, father, or mother's current partner when the child was 1-year-old was associated with household CPS involvement between age 1 and age 5. Results indicated that 30% of 1-year-olds were spanked at least once in the past month. Spanking at age 1 was associated with increased odds of subsequent CPS involvement (adjusted odds ratio=1.36, 95% CI [1.08, 1.71], p<.01). When compared to non-spanked children, there was a 33% greater probability of subsequent CPS involvement for children who were spanked at age 1. Given the undesirable consequences of spanking children and a lack of empirical evidence to suggest positive effects of physical punishment, professionals who work with families should counsel parents not to spank infants and toddlers. For optimal benefits, efforts to educate parents regarding alternative forms of discipline should begin during the child's first year of life.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental spanking of 1-year-old children and subsequent child protective services involvement

Lee

Grogan‐Kaylor

Berger

2014

Child Abuse & Neglect

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“…Parents with limited response repertoires also rely on physical punishment more (Combs-Orme & Cain, 2008). Therefore, reducing approval of physical punishment, altering perceptions of its normality, and exposing parents to new perspectives on discipline should reduce physical punishment's occurrence.…”

Section: Programs Targeting Parentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promising intervention strategies to reduce parents’ use of physical punishment

Gershoff

Lee

Durrant

2017

Child Abuse & Neglect

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The strong and ever-growing evidence base demonstrating that physical punishment places children at risk for a range of negative outcomes, coupled with global recognition of children's inherent rights to protection and dignity, has led to the emergence of programs specifically designed to prevent physical punishment by parents. This paper describes promising programs and strategies designed for each of three levels of intervention - indicated, selective, and universal – and summarizes the existing evidence base of each. Areas for further program development and evaluation are identified.

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“…Research has shown the AAPI to relate in expected ways to punitive parent behavior and child abuse risk (e.g., Cicchetti et al 2006;Combs-Orne and Cain 2008;Crouch and Behl 2001). Other research on the AAPI (Esaki 2008;Lutenbacher 2001) and AAPI-2 (Conners et al 2006), however, failed to confirm the instrument's factor structure, providing partial support for some AAPI subscales and none for others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…One frequently used measure is Bavolek's (1984) Adult-Adolescent Parenting Inventory (AAPI), employed in several studies investigating attitudes related to risk of punitive or abusive parenting (e.g., Acevedo 2000;Cicchetti et al 2006;Combs-Orne and Cain 2008;Crouch and Behl 2001;Jambunathan et al 2000). A review of the literature since the publication of Holden and Buck's 2002 article did not reveal any new parental attitude measures receiving widespread support.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Measuring Attitudes Toward Acceptable and Unacceptable Parenting Practices

Budd

Behling

et al. 2011

J Child Fam Stud

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This study investigated the properties of a new rating instrument, the Parenting Questionnaire (PQ), designed to measure attitudes about acceptable and unacceptable parenting practices. In Study 1, subject matter experts representing culturally diverse psychologists, parents, and college students were consulted to identify 110 items receiving high endorsement. In Study 2, items were administered to 1,398 undergraduate students to examine their factor structure and the effects of ethnicity and gender differences on PQ factors. In Study 3, test-retest reliability (N = 92) and convergent validity (N = 142) of the PQ factors were examined. Exploratory factor analysis revealed three factors (total of 63 items) with high internal consistencies that accounted for a moderate amount of total variance (R 2 = .38). The factors were Critical Feedback (26 items), Supportive Feedback (26 items), and Physical Discipline (11 items). Significant ethnicity and gender differences were found on the three PQ factors, as well as a significant interaction between ethnicity and gender on the Supportive Feedback factor. PQ factor scores demonstrated good temporal stability, internal consistency, and convergent validity. Overall findings suggest that the PQ is a reliable, stable, and valid measure of attitudes toward parenting with three distinct factors. Future research directions with parents are discussed.

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Predictors of mothers’ use of spanking with their infants

Cited by 42 publications

References 28 publications

Parental spanking of 1-year-old children and subsequent child protective services involvement

Parental spanking of 1-year-old children and subsequent child protective services involvement

Promising intervention strategies to reduce parents’ use of physical punishment

Measuring Attitudes Toward Acceptable and Unacceptable Parenting Practices

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