Predictors of invalid neuropsychological test performance after traumatic brain injury

Moore, Bret A.; Donders, Jacobus

doi:10.1080/02699050410001672350

Cited by 103 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…Using the original form of the CVLT (Delis et al, 1987), Connor et al (1997) found that a cutoff of less than 14 of 16 correct successfully classified 95% of individuals exhibiting inadequate effort of the total group. In a recent study using the current CVLT-II FCR, Moore and Donders (2004) examined agreement between scores on the FCR and the TOMM. The authors used an a priori cutoff of less than 15 of 16 on the FCR and0or a score of less than 45 on the second trial of the TOMM in a cohort of individuals with varying levels of traumatic brain injury and found 89% agreement between the CVLT-II FCR and TOMM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of inadequate effort on the California Verbal Learning Test-Second edition: Forced choice recognition and critical item analysis

Root

Robbins

Chang

et al. 2006

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

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The Forced Choice Recognition (FCR) and the Critical Item Analysis (CIA) indices of the California Verbal Learning Test-II (CVLT-II) have been identified by the CVLT-II test developers as potentially useful, brief screening indicators of effort in neuropsychological assessment. This retrospective study analyzes performance on these measures in three groups: (1) clinically referred individuals; (2) forensically referred individuals not suspected of inadequate effort; and (3) forensically referred individuals whose performance on freestanding tests of effort suggested inadequate effort. Performances on FCR were analyzed for their relation to actual memory impairment and with regard to concrete and abstract distractor endorsement. FCR and CIA performances were analyzed for agreement with formal tests of inadequate effort and their test characteristics. Incremental validity was assessed by hierarchical logistic regression with previously identified indices for detection of inadequate effort on the CVLT. Results indicate that (1) FCR and CIA performances are not related to decreased memory performance; (2) FCR and CIA indices exhibit higher specificity and lower sensitivity, with higher positive predictive value than negative predictive value; and (3) FCR and CIA indices exhibit modest incremental validity with previously identified indices. Implications for use of FCR and CIA indices in inadequate effort detection are discussed (JINS, 2006, 12, 688-696.)

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of inadequate effort on the California Verbal Learning Test-Second edition: Forced choice recognition and critical item analysis

Root

Robbins

Chang

et al. 2006

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

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show abstract

“…Secondary memory and learning ability were evaluated with the third edition of the Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS-III) [49][50][51][52][53], the full version of the second edition of the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT-II) [54][55][56], and the Rey Complex Figure Test. The likelihood that the responses given on neuropsychological testing were sincere and that the subjects were applying a good effort was assessed by interpretation of performance on several tests, including the Test of Memory Malingering [57][58], the WMS-III [52][53], and the MMPI-II [59]. Depression was assessed with the second edition of the Beck Depression Inventory [60].…”

Section: Neuropsychological Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Headaches among Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation Enduring Freedom veterans with mild traumatic brain injury associated with exposures to explosions

Ruff

Ruff²,

Wang³

2008

JRRD

109

146

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Abstract-Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common injury type among Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation Enduring Freedom (OIF/OEF) veterans, and headaches are a frequent consequence of TBI. We examined the hypothesis that among veterans who reported mild TBI caused by exposure to an explosion during deployment in OIF/OEF, those with residual neurocognitive deficits would have a higher frequency of headaches and more severe headaches. We evaluated 155 consecutive veterans with neurological examination and neuropsychological testing. We excluded 29 veterans because they did not have mild TBI or they did not complete the evaluation. We analyzed headache pattern, intensity, and frequency. Among the 126 veterans studied, 80 had impairments on neurological examination or neuropsychological testing that were best attributed to TBI. Veterans with impairments had been exposed to more explosions and were more likely to have headache, features of migraine, more severe pain, more frequent headaches, posttraumatic stress disorder, and impaired sleep with nightmares.

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“…For example, the Forced Choice trial in the California Verbal Learning Test -II (CVLT-II; Delis & Kramer, 2000) and the Rey-15 (Rey, 1964) have been found to have similar precision and strong agreement with the TOMM (McCaffrey, O'Bryant, Ashendorf, & Fisher, 2003;Moore & Donders, 2004). In a study examining the relationships between malingering tests on the TOMM, the , and the validity tests on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory -Second Edition (MMPI-2; Hathaway & McKinley, 1989) it was found that the TOMM and the Rey-15 held a positive significant relationship, while the validity tests on the MMPI-2 did not positively correlate with the TOMM or Rey-15, indicating that the MMPI may be measuring a different construct .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Performance on the instrument is considered not to be impeded by age, gender, education level, depression, anxiety, and pain (Strauss, Sherman, & Spreen, 2006). However, clinicians are cautioned when administering the TOMM to individuals with premorbid psychiatric history, moderate to severe dementia, and financial incentives to malinger (Moore & Donders, 2004). In regard to elderly samples (e.g., cognitively intact, cognitive impairment without dementia, and with dementia), the TOMM has been found to be successful in identifying malingering when dementia has been ruled out (Teichner & Wagner, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM): Normative data for the Latin American Spanish speaking adult population

Rivera

Perrin

Weiler

et al. 2015

NRE

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Abstract.Background: The Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM) is an instrument used to assess purposeful embellishment or fabrication of memory difficulties for personal gain. Although the TOMM can be use in non-English speaking cultures, it has not been validated in Spanish-speaking Central and South American contexts. Objective: To generate normative data on TOMM across 7 countries in Latin America, with country-specific adjustments for gender, age, and education, where appropriate. Method: The sample consisted of 2,266 healthy adults who were recruited from Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Puerto Rico. Each subject was administered the TOMM as part of a larger neuropsychological battery. A standardized five-step statistical procedure was used to generate the norms. Results: t-tests did not show significant differences in TOMM performance between men and women in any countries of the TOMM Trial 1 or 2. As a result, gender-adjusted norms were not generated.

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Predictors of invalid neuropsychological test performance after traumatic brain injury

Abstract: The TOMM and CVLT-II are sensitive to the potential impact of current financial compensation seeking and prior psychiatric history on neuropsychological test performance after TBI.

Cited by 103 publications

References 43 publications

Detection of inadequate effort on the California Verbal Learning Test-Second edition: Forced choice recognition and critical item analysis

Detection of inadequate effort on the California Verbal Learning Test-Second edition: Forced choice recognition and critical item analysis

Headaches among Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation Enduring Freedom veterans with mild traumatic brain injury associated with exposures to explosions

Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM): Normative data for the Latin American Spanish speaking adult population

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