Predictors of Independent Walking in Young Children With Cerebral Palsy

Begnoche, Denise M.; Chiarello, Lisa A.; Palisano, Robert J.; Gracely, Edward J.; McCoy, Sarah Westcott; Orlin, Margo

doi:10.2522/ptj.20140315

Cited by 37 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…All items included in the measure are expected to be accomplished by a typically developing five-yearold child 41 . The items in the test that measure a sit-to-stand activity have been reported to be predictable for independent walking in young children with CP 44 .…”

Section: Disturbances In Movement and Posture In Cerebral Palsymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In another study Tieman et al (2007) reported that some children preferred to crawl despite their ability to walk 47 . More recently, Begnoche et al (2016) reported that achievement of postural control in sitting or reciprocity in crawling were not good predictors for walking ability in young children with CP 44 . These authors furthermore reported functional strength and dynamic postural control, measured as the ability to attain sitting and standing from a chair, to be a good predictors for walking ability 44 .…”

Section: Motor Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In several studies muscle weakness has been related to the development of motor activities such as walking independently in children with CP 56; 57; 58 . In a recently published study, functional strength or dynamic postural control, measured as the ability to attain sitting and standing from a chair, was found to predict walking ability in 75% of the 80 children who were tested 44 . The awareness of muscle weakness and its associations with difficulties in achieving motor activities have led to resistance training becoming a commonly recommended intervention for children with CP.…”

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confidence: 95%

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Influence of External Visual Focus on Gait in Children With Bilateral Cerebral Palsy

Bartonek

Lidbeck

Gutierrez-Farewik

2016

Pediatric Physical Therapy

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Section: Disturbances In Movement and Posture In Cerebral Palsymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Motor Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 95%

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Influence of External Visual Focus on Gait in Children With Bilateral Cerebral Palsy

Bartonek

Lidbeck

Gutierrez-Farewik

2016

Pediatric Physical Therapy

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“…Postural control is influenced by factors such as sensory processing (Barela et al., 2011; Pavão et al., 2013), muscle strength, tonus, and anthropometric characteristics (Begnoche et al., 2016; Duarte & Freitas, 2010; Nashner et al., 1983). In children, the degree of influence of these factors might change throughout life, since their anatomical structures and physiological systems are still developing and constantly changing (Steindl et al., 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex and age influence on postural sway during sit‐to‐stand movement in children and adolescents: Cross‐sectional study

Pavão

Santos

Rocha

2021

Intl J of Devlp Neuroscience

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We investigated the influence of sex and age in postural sway during sit‐to‐stand (STS) in children and adolescents of 5–15 years. We evaluated sway during STS in 86 typical participants. STS was divided into three phases: preparation, rising, and stabilization. We calculated for each phase: area, anterior–posterior, and medial–lateral velocity of center‐of‐pressure sway. We applied a stepwise multiple linear regression model to determine if age and sex might be predictors of postural sway during STS. Only age was associated with sway, accounting for between 6.5% and 14.6% of the variability in sway during STS. The age of the subject influences postural sway during STS, but in a small amount. This variable should be taken into account as a variable of control in the assessment of dynamic postural control. Moreover, postural stability during STS was not associated with the sex of the participants.

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“…10 Use of AFOs to support the development of walking is in line with these aims. However, while the development of walking in children with CP has received some attention in the literature, 11,12 the effect of orthoses on the acquisition of walking in children with CP is unknown. This case study aims to evaluate early intervention with AFOs in a subject with CP, before the onset of independent standing or walking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved motor function in a pre-ambulatory child with spastic bilateral cerebral palsy, using a custom rigid ankle-foot orthosis–footwear combination

Young

Jackson

2019

Prosthetics &Amp; Orthotics International

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Background: Ankle-foot orthoses may be used in pre-ambulatory children with cerebral palsy; however, their effect on the acquisition of walking is unknown. This case report aims to evaluate the effect of an ankle-foot orthosis–footwear combination on the acquisition of walking in a single subject with cerebral palsy. Case Description and Methods: This study reports the orthotic management of a single child with spastic bilateral cerebral palsy over a 15-month period, during which time the ability to independently stand and walk was acquired. Custom rigid ankle-foot orthoses were prescribed. Gait speed and Edinburgh Visual Gait Score were assessed with and without the orthoses. Findings and Outcomes: The subject developed the ability to stand and walk using an ankle-foot orthosis–footwear combination with a walker frame, and to a limited extent without a walker frame. The subject remained unable to take independent steps unless wearing the ankle-foot orthosis–footwear combination. Clinically significant differences in gait speed and Edinburgh Visual Gait Score were observed. Conclusion: An ankle-foot orthosis–footwear combination may aid the development of independent walking in some children with cerebral palsy. Further research on the effects of orthoses on the acquisition of walking ability in children with cerebral palsy is needed. Clinical relevance Custom rigid ankle-foot orthoses combined with footwear may aid the development of independent standing and walking in some children with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy. This intervention may be considered in clinical practice and future research in this patient group.

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Predictors of Independent Walking in Young Children With Cerebral Palsy

Abstract: The ability to transfer from sitting to standing and from standing to sitting predicted independent walking in young children with CP. Prospective longitudinal studies are recommended to determine indicators of readiness for independent walking.

Cited by 37 publications

References 62 publications

Influence of External Visual Focus on Gait in Children With Bilateral Cerebral Palsy

Influence of External Visual Focus on Gait in Children With Bilateral Cerebral Palsy

Sex and age influence on postural sway during sit‐to‐stand movement in children and adolescents: Cross‐sectional study

Improved motor function in a pre-ambulatory child with spastic bilateral cerebral palsy, using a custom rigid ankle-foot orthosis–footwear combination

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