Predictors of Adherence, Metabolic Control and Quality of Life in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes

Pereira, M. Graça; Almeida, Ana Cristina; Rocha, Liliana; Leandro, Engrácia

doi:10.5772/24042

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The association between metabolic control and quality of life in T1DM adolescents is controversial [26]. While some studies have found a link between higher metabolic control and lower well-being [27,28], others did not find any relationship between metabolic control and quality of life, in T1DM adolescents [9,29]. Literature has suggested that metabolic control was improved in adolescents who reported good quality of life, and who were supported by a stable and cohesive family with a clear defined sharing responsibility, in diabetes management [21].…”

Section: Metabolic Control In Adolescents With Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the complex process of diabetes self-management, adolescents and their families share the responsibility and decision-making process in the illness-related activities to achieve the goals of diabetes control and well-being [7]. Family functioning represents an important factor in the diabetes management treatment in T1DM adolescents and affecting metabolic control and quality of life outcomes [27,34]. The study of Skinner, John and Hampson [35], that studied the relationship between family factors and metabolic control, including family functioning, concluded that family factors were predictors of metabolic control, accounting for 34% of the variance in metabolic control.…”

Section: Family Functioning: the Relationship With Metabolic Control mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of Family Functioning on Metabolic Control and Quality of Life in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Almeida¹,

Leandro²,

Pereira³

2015

Major Topics in Type 1 Diabetes

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The incidence of type diabetes mellitus T DM in childhood and adolescents is increasing worldwide and diagnosis of type diabetes represents an important stressful condition for families and adolescents. The maintenance of normal glycemic results requires adherence to self-care behaviors in order to prevent disease complications. However, diabetes self-care requires extensive and daily behavioral demands from adolescents that may interfere with their quality of life.Parents have an important influence on T DM' management, in adolescents. Family functioning is an important determinant of metabolic control and adolescents' quality of life. During adolescence, parents must transfer the responsibility for diabetes care to the adolescent and supervise diabetes management. Parental style and family conflict are related to glycemic control and quality of life in adolescents.The main goal of this chapter was to analyze the relationship between metabolic control, quality of life and family functioning in T DM adolescents.

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Section: Metabolic Control In Adolescents With Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Family Functioning: the Relationship With Metabolic Control mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Family Functioning on Metabolic Control and Quality of Life in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Almeida¹,

Leandro²,

Pereira³

2015

Major Topics in Type 1 Diabetes

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“…Family support consists of providing support and guidance in T1D daily care activities as well as coping and problem resolution strategies to promote adherence to self‐care (Goethals et al, 2019) contributing to better metabolic control and QoL (Pereira et al, 2011; Reid et al, 2013). Family functioning is an important factor in diabetes management, being associated with better metabolic control (Whittemore et al, 2010), whereas family conflicts have a negative impact on QoL (Almeida et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic control and quality of life in type 1 diabetes: Do adherence, family support, and school support matter?

Almeida,

Tavares,

Pereira

2023

Nursing & Health Sciences

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This study analyzed the relationship between clinical and demographic variables, family support, school support, and adherence on adolescents' metabolic control and quality of life (QoL) based on Adaptation to Chronic Disease in Childhood's model. The sample included 100 adolescents and 100 parents. Adolescents were assessed on adherence, family support, school support, and QoL. Parents were assessed on family functioning and parental coping. A path analysis was performed to assess the adequacy of the theoretical model to the sample. Daily glycemic monitoring was associated with better metabolic control and diabetes hospitalizations with worse metabolic control. The final model showed adherence, family support, school support, and family functioning having an indirect effect on the relationship between adolescence stage, number of daily glycemic monitorings, number of hospitalizations, and metabolic control/QoL. Adherence had an indirect effect on the relationship between glycemic monitoring and family and school support, suggesting that adolescents need both types of support to perform diabetes self‐care tasks. QoL showed a direct effect on metabolic control revealing the importance of QoL in the design of interventions to promote metabolic control in adolescents.

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The Influence of Family Support, Parental Coping and School Support on Adherence to Type 1 Diabetes’ Self-Care in Adolescents

Almeida¹,

Pereira²,

Leandro³

2013

Type 1 Diabetes

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the immune system's T cells to destroy these potentially invading agents also act on the pancreas β cells, destroying them [11-13]. Self-management and self-care is of critical importance for the control of this type of diabetes in children and adolescents. In fact, the responsibility of regularly monitoring the disease and its symptoms and the compliance with the treatment lies with the family and later, in accordance with the growth and the development phase, are gradually transferred to the child/adolescent [14-17]. Therefore, the main goals for type 1 Diabetes Mellitus's treatment, in children and adolescents, emphasize the prevention of symptoms and their severity, the prevention of short and long term complications, and the appropriate growth and development of the adolescent allowing the suitable maintenance of daily activities such as those related to family dynamics, school and social life [15, 18-20]. However, the multiple physiological and psychosocial modifications occurring during adolescence compromise diabetes treatments during this developmental period [15, 21, 22] and often, the adolescent show serious difficulties in adhering to self-care management of diabetes and the prevention of its complications. The conflicts arising from the demands and complexities involved in the self-management of diabetes, and the adolescent's expectations regarding their own experiences, in this developmental phase, may account for this scenario [23, 24]. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), adolescence is placed between 10-19 years, during which the individual is subjected to changes of biological nature, determined by puberty that will produce a rapid growth with consequently distinct body transformations; changes of cognitive nature, with a higher complexity in reasoning skills, through the attainment of autonomy and identity construction and also changes of social nature with the experience of new and different roles [25-27]. However, the constant need to declare autonomy and independence leads the adolescent to idealize feelings of invulnerability, inconsistent with the acceptance of a chronic disease such as type 1 diabetes that may encourage non-adherence to self-care [22]. Parental involvement, communication, cohesion and family conflicts that arise when managing diabetes self-care, are good examples of the type of family support available to the adolescent. A higher level of family conflict and less involvement account for worse outcomes of adherence to diabetes self-care in adolescents [28]. In turn, schools with staff and peers also account from other sources of social support that the adolescent with type 1 diabetes may count on, in daily life, that may influence metabolic control and quality of life [29]. Peer pressure and the demands of the social environment (school, recreational activities and family) may hinder adherence to self-care in adolescents with diabetes [30, 31]. This chapter's main goal is to describe the relationship among family support, school support and parental coping in ...

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Predictors of Adherence, Metabolic Control and Quality of Life in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes

Cited by 3 publications

References 83 publications

The Role of Family Functioning on Metabolic Control and Quality of Life in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

The Role of Family Functioning on Metabolic Control and Quality of Life in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Metabolic control and quality of life in type 1 diabetes: Do adherence, family support, and school support matter?

The Influence of Family Support, Parental Coping and School Support on Adherence to Type 1 Diabetes’ Self-Care in Adolescents

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