We survey the current state of models for electronic processes in conducting polymer devices, especially light-emitting diodes. We pay special attention to several processes that have been somewhat neglected in the previous literature: charge injection from electrodes into a polymer sample, mobility of charge-or energy-carrying defects within a single molecule and (more briefly) transfer of carriers between molecules and the interaction between the charge transport and the mesostructure of the polymer. Within all these areas substantial progress has been made in recent years in elucidating the important physics, but further progress is needed to make quantitative contact with experiment.

The increasing use of electronic portable systems and the consequent energy demand, leads to the need to improve energy storage systems. According to that and due to safety issues, high-performance non-flammable electrolytes and solid polymer electrolytes (SPE) are needed. SPE containing different amounts of lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) into a poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene), PVDF-HFP, polymer matrix have been prepared by solvent casting. The addition of LiTFSI into PVDF-HFP allows to tailor thermal, mechanical and electrical properties of the composite.In particular, the ionic conductivity of the composites increases with LiTFSI content, the best ionic conductivities of 0.0011 mS/cm at 25º C and 0.23 mS/cm at 90 ºC were obtained for the PVDF-HFP/LiTFSI composites with 80wt.% of LiTFSI.This solid electrolyte allows the fabrication of Li metallic/SPE/C-LiFePO4 half-cells with a discharge capacity of 51.2 mAh.g -1 at C/20. Further, theoretical simulations show that the discharge capacity value depends on the lithium concentration and percentage of free ions and is independent of the solid polymer electrolyte thickness. On the other hand, the voltage plateau depends on the SPE thickness. Thus, a solid electrolyte is presented for the next generation of safer solid-state batteries.

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The purpose of this study was to report evidence obtained in a survey based on the Community of Inquiry (CoI) framework (Garrison, Anderson & Archer, 1991;2000) carried out in different groups. The study comprised 510 higher education students enrolled in blended online courses offered through Moodle platform during one semester. It considered students from different private and public Portuguese polytechnic schools and universities. Moreira & Almeida (2011) have suggested that CoI framework is a valid, reliable, and efficient measure of its dimensions within the Portuguese population. Although similarities in aspects of social presence were discovered among polytechnic and universities students, the two groups showed some differences. In particular, it was observed that the polytechnic students appear to be a more robust community when compared to university students.

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Adherence and glycemic control usually decrease during adolescence and family relationships influence diabetes outcomes. This study analyzed the interaction effect of adolescents' family support, age, and gender in the relationship between adherence and glycemic control in adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes. The sample included 100 adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes and one of their parents during a routine endocrinology appointment. Adolescents answered the Self-Care Inventory-Revised, the Diabetes Family Behavior Scale and were also assessed on the glycosylated hemoglobin. The three-way interaction between adherence, family support, and adolescents' age/gender was both negatively significant and explained 24.12% and 22.02% of the variance, respectively. Higher family support, being female, and younger age moderated the relationship between adherence and glycemic control. According to results, it is important that intervention programs provide negotiation skills, according to adolescent's age and gender in the process of transferring diabetes management responsibility in order to promote better adherence to diabetes self-care, glycemic control, and prevent family conflicts regarding diabetes management.

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