Prediction of Young’s Modulus for Injection Molded Long Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastics

Chen, Hongyu; Baird, Donald G.

doi:10.3390/jcs2030047

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…If inaccurate fibre strength data were recorded, the corresponding statistical function would not be able to accurately capture the actual strength behaviour of the fibres [10]. When such a fibre strength function is used as an input for composite models, the predictions made by the models for strength and damage behaviour of the corresponding composite structures would also be inaccurate [11,12]. To assess the predictions made by composite strength and damage models, worldwide failure exercises have been conducted [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Critical Parameters in Tensile Strength Measurement of Single Fibres

2019

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Mechanical properties of fibre reinforced composites are primarily dependent on those of fibres. Fibre properties are used for estimating the damage and strength behaviour of composite materials and structures. Tensile strength of fibres is commonly determined by single fibre tensile tests, which is challenging and is prone to measurement errors. In this study, different possible sources of errors due to experimental limitations in the fibre testing process were identified. Their effect on fibre tensile strength was analytically modelled. This model was used to evaluate the uncertainty in experimentally determined fibre strength. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to rank the relative significance of input quantities on the calculated fibre strength. Since composite models require fibre properties determined at very small gauge lengths, the results of the sensitivity analysis were extrapolated to determine critical parameters for tests done at those small gauge lengths of a few millimetres. It was shown that, for sufficiently long fibres, their strength depends mainly on the diameter and failure force; however, for shorter gauge lengths, the effects of misalignment become very significant. The knowledge of uncertainty would be useful in estimating the reliability of the predictions made by composite strength models on the damage and failure behaviour of composite materials and structures. Minimising the influence of critical parameters on fibre strength would help in designing improved single fibre testing systems capable of determining fibre strength more accurately.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Critical Parameters in Tensile Strength Measurement of Single Fibres

2019

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“…This plays an important role especially for AM tools, which tend to have a high deformation and mold breathing. Furthermore, the disc geometry is frequently used in literature, so that the obtained results can be compared with existing studies of Hongyu and Baird [45]. In the cases of Rohde et al [46] and Goris et al [17], who focused more on a plate geometry, the results can be seen as complementary and further investigation.…”

Section: Specimen Geometry and Mold Insert Designmentioning

confidence: 95%

Comparative Analysis of the Impact of Additively Manufactured Polymer Tools on the Fiber Configuration of Injection Molded Long-Fiber-Reinforced Thermoplastics

et al. 2020

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Additive tooling (AT) utilizes the advantages of rapid tooling development while minimizing geometrical limitations of conventional tool manufacturing such as complex design of cooling channels. This investigation presents a comparative experimental analysis of long-fiber-reinforced thermoplastic parts (LFTs), which are produced through additively manufactured injection molding polymer tools. After giving a review on the state of the art of AT and LFTs, additive manufacturing (AM) plastic tools are compared to conventionally manufactured steel and aluminum tools toward their qualification for spare part and small series production as well as functional validation. The assessment of the polymer tools focuses on three quality criteria concerning the LFT parts: geometrical accuracy, mechanical properties, and fiber configuration. The analysis of the fiber configuration includes fiber length, fiber concentration, and fiber orientation. The results show that polymer tools are fully capable of manufacturing LFTs with a cycle number within hundreds before showing critical signs of deterioration or tool failure. The produced LFTs moldings provide sufficient quality in geometrical accuracy, mechanical properties, and fiber configuration. Further, specific anomalies of the fiber configuration can be detected for all tool types, which include the occurrence of characteristic zones dependent on the nominal fiber content and melt flow distance. Conclusions toward the improvement of additively manufactured polymer tool life cycles are drawn based on the detected deteriorations and failure modes.

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“…Even the analytical techniques are fast, but the characteristics of 3D braided composite's fabric yarns spread along multidirections and interlace with each other make it difficult to analyze. Also, analytical methods only can calculate the value of elastic constants, and it is difficult to obtain other mechanical characteristics like stress behavior (i.e., the value of stress plot at any section) from the micro-structures [23][24][25][26]. An experimental investigation is also a time-consuming and costly task because of its complexity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and Two-Step Homogenization of Aperiodic Heterogenous 3D Four-Directional Braided Composites

2020

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The mechanical properties of the material are essential to identify the material behavior of the structure. Predicting four-directional braided composites’ mechanical properties based on accurate modeling is an essential issue among researchers. In this research, the principle of minimum energy loss-based mechanics of structure genome was used for the two-step homogenization of three-dimensional (3D) four-directional braided composites. In the first step homogenization, the micro-scale model’s effective mechanical properties were decided by considering fibers and matrix; in the second step homogenization, the final effective mechanical properties of the meso-scale model were obtained by considering yarns and matrix. TexGen python script was implemented for accurate modeling of 3D four-directional braided cells with jamming effects. The current process sustainability was validated for 3D four-directional braided polymer matrix composites (PMCs) material by available finite element analysis (FEA) and experimental literature. The method is further extended for 3D four-directional braided ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) to confirm its versatility for standard composites. A commercial FEA was also performed on the meso-scale braided cell to validate the two-step homogenization results. This research explored fast and more accurate modeling and analysis techniques for 3D four-directional braided composites.

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Prediction of Young’s Modulus for Injection Molded Long Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastics

Cited by 13 publications

References 33 publications

Evaluation of Critical Parameters in Tensile Strength Measurement of Single Fibres

Evaluation of Critical Parameters in Tensile Strength Measurement of Single Fibres

Comparative Analysis of the Impact of Additively Manufactured Polymer Tools on the Fiber Configuration of Injection Molded Long-Fiber-Reinforced Thermoplastics

Modeling and Two-Step Homogenization of Aperiodic Heterogenous 3D Four-Directional Braided Composites

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