Prediction of the lifetime of droplets emitted from mechanical cooling towers by numerical investigation

Sánchez, F.; Kaiser, Antonio Sánchez; Parra, Blas Zamora; Ramírez, Javier Ruiz; Lucas, M.

doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2015.06.014

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…Meanwhile, the measured deposition was used for validating their numerical model. Results from the study of Sánchez et al [125] were broadly consistent with those of Lucas et al [97]; they revealed that a short lifetime is favored under conditions with high ambient temperature, low relative humidity and small droplet size.…”

Section: Cooling Tower Driftsupporting

confidence: 76%

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Cooling tower plume abatement and plume modeling: a review

Flynn

2021

Environ Fluid Mech

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Visible plumes above wet cooling towers are of great concern due to the associated aesthetic and environmental impacts. The parallel path wet/dry cooling tower is one of the most commonly used approaches for plume abatement, however, the associated capital cost is usually high due to the addition of the dry coils. Recently, passive technologies, which make use of free solar energy or the latent heat of the hot, moist air rising through the cooling tower fill, have been proposed to minimize or abate the visible plume and/or conserve water. In this review, we contrast established versus novel technologies and give a perspective on the relative merits and demerits of each. Of course, no assessment of the severity of a visible plume can be made without first understanding its atmospheric trajectory. To this end, numerous attempts, being either theoretical or numerical or experimental, have been proposed to predict plume behavior in atmospheres that are either uniform versus density-stratified or still versus windy (whether highly-turbulent or not). Problems of particular interests are plume rise/deflection, condensation and drift deposition, the latter consideration being a concern of public health due to the possible transport and spread of Legionella bacteria.

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Section: Cooling Tower Driftsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…Sánchez et al [125] studied the lifetime of drift with the combined effects of atmospheric conditions and droplet size distribution. If the lifetime experienced by the droplets is less than the time necessary to reach ground level, there is obviously less risk of Legionella bacteria.…”

Section: Cooling Tower Driftmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cooling tower plume abatement and plume modeling: a review

Flynn

2021

Environ Fluid Mech

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“…from a kitchen exhaust) and spread to the same building at different positions [13 , 14] , like the possible SARS spreading in typical HRR buildings in Hong Kong [15][16][17] . Pollutants may also be released from sources located around a HRR building at lower levels [18][19][20][21][22] , such as the evaporative facilities (e.g. cooling tower or air scrubber) of public facilities, which have been responsible for reported disease outbreaks [23][24][25] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of pollutant source location on air pollutant dispersion around a high-rise building

Keshavarzian

Jin

Dong

et al. 2020

Applied Mathematical Modelling

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a b s t r a c tThis article investigates the dispersion of airborne pollutants emitted from different locations near a high-rise building. A Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model for simulating the wind flow field and the pollutant dispersion was developed and validated by wind tunnel data. Then the spreading of the pollutant emitted from different locations to a rectangular-shaped high-rise residential (HRR) building was numerically studied. The pollutant source location was set in a wide range of the position angle and distance between the source and the building. It was found that the pollutant concentration on the building decreases with an increase in the emission distance whereas the effect of the position angle is more complicated. Interestingly, there is a critical range of the position angle from which the emitted pollutants will not spread to the building in a significant way. The effect of the source location was linked to the wind flow field around the building, particularly with several major flows. The vertical distributions of the pollutant concentration on different faces were also investigated, and it was found that these are more affected by the vertical flow near each face. Finally, a mathematical model was developed to evaluate the pollutant concentration as a function of the emission distance and position angle. These findings are helpful to the understanding of the dispersion of airborne pollutants around high-rise buildings and the related hazard management in urban design. et al. / Applied Mathematical Modelling 81 (2020) 582-602 583 Rising reports of such outbreaks have attracted scientific attention on understanding the spreading of airborne hazards in urban areas, which is helpful for the prediction and control of the outbreak of airborne diseases for public health [7][8][9][10][11] .The pollutant outbreaks are riskier near high-rise residential (HRR) buildings due to the high population density [12] . Additionally, the spreading of pollutants around and inside such buildings is more complex as a result of strong windstructure interactions and diverse spreading scenarios. Pollutants may be emitted from an HRR building (e.g. from a kitchen exhaust) and spread to the same building at different positions [13 , 14] , like the possible SARS spreading in typical HRR buildings in Hong Kong [15][16][17] . Pollutants may also be released from sources located around a HRR building at lower levels [18][19][20][21][22] , such as the evaporative facilities (e.g. cooling tower or air scrubber) of public facilities, which have been responsible for reported disease outbreaks [23][24][25] . Accordingly, the position of the potential pollutant source is an important factor in evaluating the risk of the spreading of pollutants near an HRR building, but it has not been fully evaluated in terms of the distance and the position angle between the source and the building.The spreading of pollutants in urban areas has been studied using various methods. Wind tunnel is a valuable tool in studying such...

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“…Based on a sensitivity analysis of plume rise heights from cooling towers, Ding et al [14] discovered that the primary determinant of plume rise height is the stability of the atmosphere around the cooling tower. Sánchez et al [15] presented a numerical model capable of simulating the drift and evaporation of water droplets emitted by a mechanical cooling tower, which revealed the influence of external conditions on droplet lifetime.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Design of a Vapor-Condensing Plume Abatement System and Devices for Mechanical Draft Cooling Towers

Zhu

Wang

et al. 2020

Water

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Cooling towers are widely used in many fields, but the generation of visible plumes has a serious impact on the environment. Moreover, the evaporation losses also cause a great waste of water. In this paper, a vapor-condensing plume abatement system was designed for a mechanical-draft cooling tower based on the mechanism of vapor plume generation. An effective method to achieve water-saving and eliminate the water fog generated in the cooling tower was proposed, and its feasibility was verified by using thermodynamic analysis. Next, the vapor-condensing plume abatement device was designed and used for both the confined space cooling tower (CSCT) and the free space cooling tower (FSCT). The surface type heat exchanger was adopted to design the vapor-condensing plume abatement device. Then a basic calculation flow and method were proposed to obtain thermodynamic operating parameters. According to the comparison between the results of theoretical calculation and practical engineering application, it was found that the designed vapor-condensing plume abatement system obviously benefits the water-saving of a mechanical-draft cooling tower and considerable economic benefits can be obtained. The contents presented provide the theoretical basis and technical support for the upgrade of the cooling tower and the design of the new cooling tower.

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Prediction of the lifetime of droplets emitted from mechanical cooling towers by numerical investigation

Cited by 13 publications

References 17 publications

Cooling tower plume abatement and plume modeling: a review

Cooling tower plume abatement and plume modeling: a review

Effect of pollutant source location on air pollutant dispersion around a high-rise building

The Design of a Vapor-Condensing Plume Abatement System and Devices for Mechanical Draft Cooling Towers

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