Prediction of river bank erosion and protection works in a reach of Chenab River, Pakistan

Ashraf, Muhammad Salman; Shakir, Abdul Sattar

doi:10.1007/s12517-018-3493-7

“…In literature, some studies of developed and developing countries specifically considered the aspect of flood risks adaptation (Birkholz et al, 2014;Lopez-Marrero and Yarnal, 2010), constraints and choice of mitigation of floods (Paul and Routray, 2010;Wisner et al, 2004), flood risk management (Wilby and Keenan, 2012;Osberghaus, 2015) and livelihood vulnerability to flood hazards (Hoq et al, 2021). In Pakistan for the most part of flood hazards literature determined the aspect of flood hazards management and assessment (Hashmi et al, 2012;Bahadar et al, 2015;Tariq and Van De Giesen, 2012), flood hazards perception and adaptation strategies , floods causes, consequence and protection measures (Yaqub et al, 2015;Khan, 2011), riverbank erosion and inundation of hazards zone (Khan et al, 2017;Ali and De Boer, 2010), riverbank erosion and protection work (Ashraf and Shakir, 2018;Khan and Ali, 2003), some studies focused the aspect of adaptation level and local mitigation measures about affects of post floods (Abbas et al, 2017;Abid et al, 2016). In Pakistan, limited research specifically firmed the aspect of flood hazards affect of food security and poverty (Ali and Rahut, 2020;Ashraf and Shakir, 2018), flood hazards resilience , flood persuaded vulnerability and risks of health (Shah et al, 2020), and gender based aspect of flood hazards adaptation strategies ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flood hazards and livelihood vulnerability of flood-prone farm-dependent Bait households in Punjab, Pakistan

Ahmad

¹

,

Afzal

²

2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Pakistan is one of the most climate change and natural disasters affected country of the world where livelihood and lives of inhabitants are often affected due to these disasters. In the scenario of various disasters and risks, flood disasters are the most recurrent hazards that causes Bait households livelihood more vulnerable. Hence this research work has focused to investigate livelihood vulnerability of flood-prone Bait households in southern Punjab of Pakistan. This study used multistage sampling technique for collection the cross sectional data of 398 flood disasters vulnerable Bait household's respondents from three high risks flood-prone districts Muzaffargarh, Rajanpur and Rahim Yar Khan. Face to face interview procedure and well developed pre-tested questionnaire was used for data collection in this research work. This study applied vulnerability framework of LVI-IPCC and LVI in the direction of comparing the level of vulnerabilities in preferred three Bait district households. Empirical estimates of LVI major components and framework of IPCC vulnerability have indicated Bait households of Muzaffargarh more vulnerable owing to higher exposure and sensitivity and lower adaptive capacity rather than other districts. In contrast to other districts Muzaffargarh households have investigated more vulnerable to flood disasters more particularly in LVI sub-components such as health (0.460), water (0.360) and food (0.515) access.These research findings will helpful to policymakers to work out and put into practice effectual programs and strategies such as constructing more water reserves, developing overhead infrastructure, easy access of institutional loans and generating off-farm income sources. These local based feasible measures will helpful for native inhabitants to reducing frequency of floods in the direction of lessen vulnerability and increase resilience via recovering generally the livelihood of vulnerable Bait households in Punjab Pakistan and particularly the district Muzaffargarh.

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“…In literature, some studies of developed and developing countries specifically considered the aspect of flood risks adaptation (Birkholz et al, 2014;Lopez-Marrero and Yarnal, 2010), constraints and choice of mitigation of floods (Paul and Routray, 2010;Wisner et al, 2004), flood risk management (Wilby and Keenan, 2012;Osberghaus, 2015) and livelihood vulnerability to flood hazards (Hoq et al, 2021). In Pakistan for the most part of flood hazards literature determined the aspect of flood hazards management and assessment (Hashmi et al, 2012;Bahadar et al, 2015;Tariq and Van De Giesen, 2012), flood hazards perception and adaptation strategies , floods causes, consequence and protection measures (Yaqub et al, 2015;Khan, 2011), riverbank erosion and inundation of hazards zone (Khan et al, 2017;Ali and De Boer, 2010), riverbank erosion and protection work (Ashraf and Shakir, 2018;Khan and Ali, 2003), some studies focused the aspect of adaptation level and local mitigation measures about affects of post floods (Abbas et al, 2017;Abid et al, 2016). In Pakistan, limited research specifically firmed the aspect of flood hazards affect of food security and poverty (Ali and Rahut, 2020;Ashraf and Shakir, 2018), flood hazards resilience , flood persuaded vulnerability and risks of health (Shah et al, 2020), and gender based aspect of flood hazards adaptation strategies ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flood Hazards and Livelihood Vulnerability of Flood-Prone Farm Dependent Bait Households in Punjab, Pakistan

Ahmad

¹

,

Afzal

²

2021

Preprint

2

0

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Pakistan is one of the most climate change and natural disasters affected country of the world where livelihood and lives of inhabitants are often affected due to these disasters. In the scenario of various disasters and risks, flood disasters are the most recurrent hazards that causes Bait households livelihood more vulnerable. Hence this research work has focused to investigate livelihood vulnerability of flood-prone Bait households in southern Punjab of Pakistan. This study used multistage sampling technique for collection the cross sectional data of 398 flood disasters vulnerable Bait household’s respondents from three high risks flood-prone districts Muzaffargarh, Rajanpur and Rahim Yar Khan. Face to face interview procedure and well developed pre-tested questionnaire was used for data collection in this research work. This study applied vulnerability framework of LVI-IPCC and LVI in the direction of comparing the level of vulnerabilities in preferred three Bait district households. Empirical estimates of LVI major components and framework of IPCC vulnerability have indicated Bait households of Muzaffargarh more vulnerable owing to higher exposure and sensitivity and lower adaptive capacity rather than other districts. In contrast to other districts Muzaffargarh households have investigated more vulnerable to flood disasters more particularly in LVI sub-components such as health (0.460), water (0.360) and food (0.515) access. These research findings will helpful to policymakers to work out and put into practice effectual programs and strategies such as constructing more water reserves, developing overhead infrastructure, easy access of institutional loans and generating off-farm income sources. These local based feasible measures will helpful for native inhabitants to reducing frequency of floods in the direction of lessen vulnerability and increase resilience via recovering generally the livelihood of vulnerable Bait households in Punjab Pakistan and particularly the district Muzaffargarh.

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“…Alluvial river basin area on the foothill trackis characterizedby bank erosion and it occurs numerous problems (Ercan and Younis 2009). Similarly, river bank raises different significant economic and environmental problems such as loss of infrastructure and agricultural land due to rampant bank erosion (Ashraf & Shakir, 2018) which creates great threat to local people. The vast dimension of floodplain areas is one of the most attractive land resources for human society but worldwide these plains are facing land degradation by riverbank erosion and huge land use alteration (Hazarika et al, 2015;Debnath et al, 2017).The channel erosion-accretion process changes LULC of the bank adjacentvillage areawhich causes disastrous exposure to the local people (Thakur et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Modeling of River Bank Shifting and Associated LULC Changes of the Kaljani River in Himalayan Foothills

Hasanuzzaman

¹

,

Gayen

²

,

Haque

³

et al. 2021

Preprint

0

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Channel dynamics is an inherent characteristic of the river in the floodplain region. The river bankline shifting and associate land use land cover (LULC) change is not only geomorphological but also an environmentally vital hazardous issue. It is a significant impact on the ecosystem and human life. GIS-based, DSAS and CA-Markov models are efficient to accurately measure historical and predictionevaluation of the relation between channel shifting and LULC change. In this study, forty-eight years (1972-2020) of earth observatory data have been used to demarcate the channel bank position and LULC change detection along the Kaljani River at the eastern Himalayan foothill. During 1998-2008, very high erosion rate on both bankline, which are about -4.48 m/y and -3.48 m/y at the left and right, respectively compared the others time frame. The overall result of the predicted bankline represents that the bulky expansion will occur along the left bank and sediment accretion will take place at the right bank. Among the three zones, both banks of zone ‘A’ (lower part of the river) is the worst affected part in the past, present, and future time. The LULC change of all six classes from 1972 to 1998 was very high when compared with the change between 1998 and 2020. Moreover, the long profile, hypsometric curve value, and the Soil Conservation Service Curve Number (SCS-CN) value have been a significant help in understanding and identification of consequences reasons. The level of accuracy is validated by the observed bankline positions (2020) with predicted bankline (2020) and observed LULC (2020) to predicted LULC (2020) empirically with RMSE and statistical test. Therefore, the output of the prediction not only serves as the spatial guidelines for monitoring future trends of channel shifting and land use planning management.

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Prediction of river bank erosion and protection works in a reach of Chenab River, Pakistan

Cited by 30 publications

References 28 publications

Flood hazards and livelihood vulnerability of flood-prone farm-dependent Bait households in Punjab, Pakistan

Flood hazards and livelihood vulnerability of flood-prone farm-dependent Bait households in Punjab, Pakistan

Flood Hazards and Livelihood Vulnerability of Flood-Prone Farm Dependent Bait Households in Punjab, Pakistan

Spatial Modeling of River Bank Shifting and Associated LULC Changes of the Kaljani River in Himalayan Foothills

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