Prediction of excess molar volumes of selected binary mixtures from refractive index data

Abstract

The excess molar volumes of twenty two binary mixtures containing various groups of organic compounds: alcohols (ethanol, 1-propanol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol and glycerol), ketone (acetone), ester (butyl lactate), lactam (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone), polyethylene glycol (PEG 200 and PEG 400) and aromatics (benzene, toluene and pyridine) were predicted from the refractive index data, using three types of equations coupled with several mixing rules for refractive index calculations: the Lorentz-Lorenz, Dale--Gladstone, Eykman, Arago-Biot, Newton and Oster. The obtained results were analysed in terms of the applied equation and mixing rule and the nature of the interactions between the components of the mixtures.

Estimating binary liquid composition from density and refractive index measurements: A comprehensive review of mixing rules

“…More complex models include the proposals by Heller [15] and Wiener [23]. The Heller model is limited to low concentrations of the dispersed phase, i.e., 2, while the Wiener [23] Several studies compared the relative performance of some of the mixture models listed in Table 2 [24][25][26][27]. It was mentioned that the Arago-Biot mixing rule offered the worst experimental data fit [26,28].…”

“…Therefore, very accurate measurements of high purity compounds in well-defined mixture ratios are required in order to generate meaningful results that will allow proper testing of the validity of equation (5). Previous investigators have explored the use of refractive index measurements for predicting the excess volumes [13,26]. They found a strong correlation between the density and refractive index of binary mixtures but used approaches that differed significantly from the method indicated by equation (27).…”

Densities, Viscosities, and Refractive Indices of Poly(ethylene glycol) 300 + 1,2-Ethanediol, 1,2-Propanediol, 1,3-Propanediol, 1,3-Butanediol, or 1,4-Butanediol Binary Liquid Mixtures

“…The ability of its aqueous mixture toward removing sulfur dioxide from industrial gases is another important application. , Low toxicity and volatility and broad liquid range are important properties of 1,2-propanediol (1,2-PD) and 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PD) that make them suitable for the pharmaceutical industry and cosmetics as a solvent and in the food industry as a food additive . 1,2-PD is also an industrial antifreeze . 1,3-PD is applied in the production of composites, laminates, polymers, adhesives, coatings, lubricants, or drugs .…”

“…1,2-PD is also an industrial antifreeze . 1,3-PD is applied in the production of composites, laminates, polymers, adhesives, coatings, lubricants, or drugs . The 1,3-butanediol (1,3-BD) solvent is used for food flavoring as well as a co-monomer in some polyurethane resins and polyester .…”