Prediction of coronary disease incidence by biomarkers of inflammation, oxidation, and metabolism

Abstract

The effect of circulating biomarkers in predicting coronary artery disease (CAD) is not fully elucidated. This study aimed to determine the relationship with CAD and the predictive capacity of nine biomarkers of inflammation (TNF-α, IL-10, IL-6, MCP-1, CRP), oxidation (GHS-Px), and metabolism (adiponectin, leptin, and insulin). This was a case-cohort study, within the REGICOR population-cohorts (North-Eastern Spain), of 105 CAD cases and 638 individuals randomly selected from a cohort of 5,404 participants aged 35–74 years (mean follow-up = 6.1 years). Biomarkers’ hazard ratio (HR)/standard deviation was estimated with Cox models adjusted for age, sex, and classical risk factors. Discrimination improvement and reclassification were analyzed with the c-index and the Net reclassification index (NRI). GHS-Px (adjusted HRs = 0.77; 95%CI:0.60–0.99), insulin (1.46; 1.08–1.98), leptin (1.40; 1.03–1.90), IL-6 (1.34; 1.03–1.74), and TNF-α (1.80; 1.26–2.57) were significantly associated with CAD incidence. In the model adjusted for all biomarkers, TNF-α (1.87;1.31–2.66) and insulin (1.59;1.16–2.19) were independently associated with CAD. This final model, compared to a model without biomarkers, showed a c-index difference of 1.3% (−0.7, 3.2) and a continuous NRI of 33.7% (2.6, 61.9). TNF-α and insulin are independently associated with CAD incidence and they improve reclassification when added to a model including classical risk factors.

Observational study of the status of coronary risk biomarkers among Negritos with metabolic syndrome in the east coast of Malaysia

“…These findings are not unexpected considering MS comprises established risk factors for CAD such as hypertension, impaired glucose tolerance, low HDL-c concentration, elevated TG concentration and obesity, which enhances endothelial activation and inflammation, key processes in atherogenesis. Furthermore, coronary risk biomarkers are strongly associated with endothelial dysfunction25 and thrombosis26 and are elevated in patients with atherosclerosis-related disease such as CAD27 and peripheral artery disease28 in previous reports.…”

Gene dysregulation in peripheral blood of moyamoya disease and comparison with other vascular disorders

“…CAD was considered to be just a simple lipid accumulation disease in the past, while now growing studies have suggested that inflammation could play a vital role in all the stage of CAD development[68–71]. Inflammatory markers of CAD were therefore widely investigated, which was useful for estimating disease risk[72–76]. Hence, inflammation may partly underlie the similarity between MMD and CAD as well as MI regarding transcriptomic profiles in peripheral blood.…”

A postural unloading task to assess fast corrective responses in the upper limb following stroke

“…There has been a dramatic change in diagnostic tools to assess body structure and function over the last few decades. For example, blood tests now provide a range of biomarkers to quantify the function of many organs with measures that are compared to those expected for individuals in good health [17, 60, 61, 68]. In contrast, assessment of brain function has remained relatively unchanged, with the majority of assessments focused on behavior and largely based on the physical or visual inspection of the individual by a clinician using coarse ordinal scales that often have floor and/or ceiling effects.…”