Prediction of biological acid neutralization in acid-sensitive lakes

Kelly, Carol A.; Rudd, John W. M.; Hesslein, Raymond H.; Schindler, D. W.; Dillon, Peter J.; Driscoll, Charles T.; Gherini, Steven A.; Hecky, R.E.

doi:10.1007/bf02185189

Cited by 228 publications

(216 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This observation corresponds to many others reported in the literature (e.g. Van Kessel 1977, Hoare 1979, Hill 1981, Cooper & Cooke 1984, Kelly et al 1987, Birgand 2000, Appelboom 2004. Results from the calculation of the mass transfer coefficient show that the exponential decay hypothesis is acceptable in our case.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Comparative use of field and laboratory mesocosms for in-stream nitrate uptake measurement

Turlan¹,

Bírgand²,

Marmonier

2007

Ann. Limnol. - Int. J. Lim.

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Recent publications suggest that in large watersheds a large proportion (20 to 70%) of the net nitrogen input to the aquatic environment may be removed during water's downstream path towards the outlet. In small watersheds there are few to no evaluations of the importance of in-stream processes in the overall nitrogen budget due in part to the lack of simple and robust methods for measuring in-stream nitrate uptake. We propose a comparative study for laboratory and field measurements on open mesocosms, 30 cm in diameter. Nitrate uptake was evaluated from the kinetics of disappearance of nitrate in water overlying undisturbed sediment cores, both in the laboratory and in-situ. Using both laboratory and in-situ mesocosms was an effort to determine whether the methods were comparable and applicable on a routine basis. Nitrate disappearance kinetics in the laboratory yielded expected results, which are that nitrate uptake rates are linearly correlated to nitrate concentration in the water column. In such conditions, our results show that the potential for nitrate uptake in streams can be calculated from the mass transfer coefficient. Our comparative study shows that incubations conducted in the laboratory intrinsically limit hyporheic exchanges, associated with small water level fluctuations, which may in fact prevail in the field as the in-situ incubations have shown. In-situ experiments yielded unexpected results, such as the succession of disappearance and gain of nitrate in the mesocosms through time. This was attributed to hyporheic exchanges, both natural and artificially induced by the design of the mesocosms. Both methods should be considered for future nitrate uptake studies as they yield complementary results, provided that some simple changes are made in the design of in-situ mesocosms.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Comparative use of field and laboratory mesocosms for in-stream nitrate uptake measurement

Turlan¹,

Bírgand²,

Marmonier

2007

Ann. Limnol. - Int. J. Lim.

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“…6). Hence, denitrification and NO − 3 assimilation were the dominant internal alkalinity generating processes, as observed also in other acidified lakes with elevated NO − 3 inputs (Kelly et al, 1987;Schindler, 1986). The proportion of NO − 3 assimilation and denitrification is discussed in more detail in the second part of this study .…”

Section: +supporting

confidence: 66%

Element fluxes in watershed-lake ecosystems recovering from acidification: Čertovo Lake, the Bohemian Forest, 2001–2005

et al. 2006

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Fluxes of major ions and nutrients were measured in the watershed-lake ecosystem of a strongly acidified lake, Čertovo jezero (Čertovo Lake), in the 2001 through 2005 hydrological years. Water balance was estimated from precipitation and throughfall amounts, and measured outflow from the lake. The average water input into and outflow from the watershedlake ecosystem was 1461 mm and 1271 mm (40 L km −2 s −1 ), respectively, and the water residence time in the lake averaged 662 days. The ecosystem has been recovering from acidification since the late 1980s. Still, however, Čertovo watershed was an average net source of 23 mmol m reduction, and photochemical and microbial decomposition of allochthonous organic matter were the most important in-lake H + consuming processes (215, 85, and 122 mmol H + m −2 yr −1 , respectively), while hydrolysis of Ali was the dominant H + generating process (96 mmol H + m −2 yr −1 ) in Čertovo Lake. Photochemical liberation from organic complexes was an additional in-lake source of Ali. The net in-lake retention or removal of nutrients (carbon, phosphorus, nitrogen, and silica) varied between 18% and 34% of their inputs.

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“…Estimated values of in-lake removal of NO 3 -(1-65% of the loading) were held constant for the whole period. Net annual removal of SO 4 2-in the lakes (1-14% of its loading), estimated according to Kelly et al (1987) was too low for seepage lakes to satisfactorily model maxima in SO 4 2-concentrations in the 1980s or the current lowered concentrations . Consequently, the values of in-lake SO 4 2-removal were fitted during the calibration process and were used in the range of 1-30%.…”

Section: Model Calibrationmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…3): Dissociation constants of tri-protic organic acids, the Al(OH) 3 solubility, and stability constants of organic-Al complexes (K(AlA) and K(AlHA + )) were set according to Majer et al (2003), where the modelled concentrations reasonably equalled the observed lake water concentrations of ionic and organic Al forms and organic acid anions. 3) Net annual removal of NO 3 -in the lakes was estimated according to Kelly et al (1987), with the mass transfer coefficient (5.0 m y -1 ) set at a lower range of values given by Kaste & Dillon (2002). Because the bottoms of some lakes are partly covered with rocks and big boulders, the above results were reduced proportionally to the per cent cover of bottom with sediment.…”

Section: Model Calibrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of alpine lakes and soils to changes in acid deposition: the MAGIC model applied to the Tatra Mountain region, Slovakia-Poland

Kopáček¹,

Hardekopf²,

Majer³

et al. 2004

J Limnol

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Prediction of biological acid neutralization in acid-sensitive lakes

Cited by 228 publications

References 23 publications

Comparative use of field and laboratory mesocosms for in-stream nitrate uptake measurement

Comparative use of field and laboratory mesocosms for in-stream nitrate uptake measurement

Element fluxes in watershed-lake ecosystems recovering from acidification: Čertovo Lake, the Bohemian Forest, 2001–2005

Response of alpine lakes and soils to changes in acid deposition: the MAGIC model applied to the Tatra Mountain region, Slovakia-Poland

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