Predicting Yellow Nutsedge (<i>Cyperus esculentus</i>) Emergence Using Degree-day Models

Wilen, C. A.; Holt, Jodie S.; McCloskey, William B.

doi:10.1017/s0043174500094777

Cited by 17 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…These final estimates were within the 95% confidence intervals of the respective means. Other sprouting models of weeds arising from vegetative organs, such as yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus L.) (Wilen et al 1996a(Wilen et al , 1996b and johnsongrass [Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.] (Holshouser et al 1996;Satorre et al 1985), were based on the response to constant temperatures and an accumulation of degree-days or thermal units.…”

Section: Simulating Tuber Sprouting In the Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling purple nutsedge sprouting under soil solarization

Miles

Kawabata

Nishimoto³

2002

Weed Science

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Sprouting percentage was estimated for purple nutsedge tubers in the field from daily fluctuating soil temperatures. Tuber sprouting under alternating temperatures ranging from 20 to 45 C for 14 d responded quadratically to alternations of high and low temperature. A response surface regression of the cumulative sprouting percentage accounted for 88% of the variation. The cumulative sprouting percentage curves were sigmoidal, and the Richards function satisfactorily regressed the characteristics of the curves. A simulation model was developed for the cumulative sprouting percentage by estimating sprouting from daily high and low temperatures and accumulating daily increments of tuber sprouting. Five weeks of soil solarization with clear polyethylene film at Waimanalo, Hawaii raised the mean soil temperature at 15-cm depth by 5.8 C in spring and by 7.2 C in summer. Solarization also increased the mean daily temperature difference from 1.5 to 3.7 C in spring and from 2.3 to 3.8 C in summer. Solarization increased the final sprouting percentage in the field from 74 to 97% in spring and from 97 to 100% in summer. The simulation model estimated the final field sprouting of tubers within 95% confidence intervals of the observed means.

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Section: Simulating Tuber Sprouting In the Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling purple nutsedge sprouting under soil solarization

Miles

Kawabata

Nishimoto³

2002

Weed Science

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“…The model by Miles et al (2002) was the first model to use daily fluctuating temperature as the basis for sprouting of perennial weeds arising from tubers or rhizomes. Degree‐day or thermal unit accumulation models were also used to describe the sprouting of johnsongrass rhizomes (Satorre et al 1985; Holshouser et al 1996) and yellow nutsedge tubers (Wilen et al 1996a, 1996b).…”

Section: Environmental Factors Affecting Tuber Sproutingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purple nutsedge tuber sprouting

Nishimoto

2001

Weed Biology and Management

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Purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) tubers remain viable for several years and serve as its principal means of survival. The maintenance of high moisture content is essential to tuber survival. Apical dominance influences bud dormancy within a tuber and in a chain of tubers, and dormancy increases with tuber age. Several growth inhibitors were identified in tubers, but their role in tuber dormancy has not been established. Moisture levels in soil must increase to a critical level before sprouting occurs, but excess soil moisture deters sprouting. Oxygen may be a limiting factor for tuber sprouting in waterlogged soils. Although light is not a requirement for sprouting, it has promoted sprouting. Temperature regulates sprouting; no sprouting occured below 10°C and above 45°C. Optimum sprouting occurred between 25 and 35°C when provided with constant temperatures. However, daily alternating temperatures greatly stimulated sprouting. A daily short duration (0.5 h) of high temperature increased sprouting to nearly 100%, whereas less than 50% sprouting occurred without the daily high temperature pulse. Bud break occurred readily for most tubers at 20°C and in nearly 100% of the tubers with a single 0.5 h exposure to a high temperature (35°C) pulse. However, most buds did not elongate if the tuber remained at 20°C. Bud elongation occurred at higher temperatures, and daily alternating temperatures stimulated shoot elongation up to eightfold greater than at the respective mean constant temperatures. Daily soil temperature fluctuation may be a major signal for purple nutsedge emergence, such as when the plant canopy is removed, or when soils are solarized. Future research is needed to determine tuber sprouting for different ecotypes, and on the role of the rhizome chain. Systems to manipulate sprouting may provide new strategies for purple nutsedge management.

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“…Vegetative and reproductive developmental stages of winter wheat and other grasses, including downy brome, have been related to growing degree days (GDD) on the basis of air temperature (Ball et al 1995;Dotray and Young 1993;Klepper et al 1982Klepper et al , 1984. Vegetative development of other weeds also has been related to GDD (Deen et al 1998;Wilen et al 1996). The development rate for downy brome is more rapid than wheat but overall developmental relationships to GDD are very similar to wheat (Ball et al May 28 May 31 June 3 June 10 June 17 1,061 1,096 1,150 1,270 1,386 3 8 20 48 69 May 28 May 31 June 3 June 6 June 10 June 13 June 27 785 811 861 910 982 1,024 1,223 0 0 0 0 1 0 69 a Abbreviation: GDD, growing degree days.…”

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confidence: 99%

Predicting timing of downy brome (Bromus tectorum) seed production using growing degree days

Ball¹,

Frost

Gitelman

2004

Weed sci.

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Downy brome in dryland winter wheat presents a major constraint to the adoption of reduced tillage cropping systems in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. Effective suppression of downy brome during fallow periods depletes seed in the soil and reduces infestations in subsequent winter wheat crops. Delayed tillage operations or delayed herbicide applications in the spring increase the risk for production of viable downy brome seed during fallow periods. In a series of studies, downy brome panicles were sequentially sampled at Pendleton, OR, and Pullman, WA, in 1996 and 1997, and at nine locations around the winter wheat growing region of the western United States in 1999 and 2001. Cumulative growing degree days (GDD) were calculated using local, daily maximum, and minimum air temperature data. A simple GDD model based on the formula GDD = (daily maximum temperature [C] + daily minimum temperature [C])/2, with a base temperature of 0 C and a starting point of January 1, was used to calculate cumulative GDD values for panicle sampling dates. Number of seed germinating per collected panicle was recorded in greenhouse germination tests. Estimations of degree days required for production of viable downy brome seed were made using nonlinear regression of germination on GDD. The GDD value at which viable seed can be found on plants (i.e., when seed germination > 0) was of interest. Estimates of the GDD values at which viable seed could be found in the three studies ranged from 582 GDD at Bozeman, MT, to 1,287 GDD at Stillwater, OK, with a group of GDD values for Pendleton and Pullman around 1,000. Variation in seed-set GDD among locations may be attributed to differing climatic conditions that control vernalization at the various locations or to differences in vernalization requirements among downy brome biotypes (or both).

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Predicting Yellow Nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) Emergence Using Degree-day Models

Cited by 17 publications

References 35 publications

Modeling purple nutsedge sprouting under soil solarization

Modeling purple nutsedge sprouting under soil solarization

Purple nutsedge tuber sprouting

Predicting timing of downy brome (Bromus tectorum) seed production using growing degree days

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