Predicting Rice Physicochemical Properties Using Thickness Fraction Properties

Siebenmorgen, T. J.; Bautista, R. C.; Meullenet, Jean‐François

doi:10.1094/cc-83-0275

Cited by 24 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Bengal was thinner at 18 and 30°C than at 22 and 26°C. HRY values have been correlated with rice kernel thickness distributions (Lu and Siebenmorgen 1995;Siebenmorgen and Qin 2005;Siebenmorgen et al 2006). Interestingly, Cypress kernel thickness was significantly lower at 26°C compared with that at the other tested temperatures, which corresponded with a decrease in HRY adjusted at the same temperature.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effects of Nighttime Temperature During Kernel Development on Rice Physicochemical Properties

2008

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Cereal Chem. 85(3):276-282Rice quality can vary inexplicably from one lot to another and from year to year. One cause could be the variable temperatures experienced during the nighttime hours of rice kernel development. During the fall of 2004, a controlled temperature study was conducted using large growth chambers, testing nighttime temperatures of 18, 22, 26, and 30°C from 12 a.m. until 5 a.m. throughout kernel development, using rice cultivars Cypress, LaGrue, XP710, XL8, M204, and Bengal. As nighttime temperature increased, head rice yields (HRY) significantly decreased for all cultivars except Cypress and Bengal, for which HRY did not vary among nighttime temperature treatments. Kernel mass did not vary among temperature treatments for any cultivar. Grain dimensions generally decreased as nighttime temperature increased. The number of chalky kernels increased with an increase in nighttime temperature for all cultivars but Cypress. The amylose content of Cypress and LaGrue was significantly lower at the nighttime temperature of 30°C, while total brown rice lipid and protein contents did not vary among temperature treatments for all cultivars.Rice is primarily consumed as an intact kernel and therefore production quality is largely measured by head rice yields (HRY), which is the mass percentage of rough rice kernels that remain as head rice (kernels that are ≥75% of a whole, milled kernel (USDA 2005). Broken rice is worth only 50-60% of the value of head rice, meaning that a reduction in HRY can have severe economic repercussions for rice producers. Therefore, maximizing HRY is a major concern. Producers can influence HRY by optimally choosing harvest dates to avoid kernel fissure formation due to rapid moisture adsorption in the field (Kunze 1977). Improper drying and storage procedures can also cause kernel fissuring that can reduce HRY (Daniels et al 1998).While HRY is determined in part by production practices, HRY can vary inexplicably from year to year and often from field to field, making it difficult for producers to predict yearly income and for processors to maintain a consistent end product. Moreover, in a given year, HRY can be uniform in one cultivar of rice and yet variable in another cultivar, leading to the suspicion that some cultivars are more resistant to quality variation. To achieve uniformity in the quality characteristics of rice, it is first necessary to have a clear understanding of the causes of these quality variations.Rice quality can be influenced by genetics and environmental conditions such as ambient temperature during rice plant development (Webb et al 1979). While rice genetics can be altered through breeding programs, environmental temperatures are difficult to predict and can only be manipulated to some extent with the choice of planting dates. Environmental temperature during kernel development may play an integral role in causing the observed, unexplained fluctuations in rice grain quality (Cooper et al 2006).Historical analyses have indicated that decreased yields were ...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effects of Nighttime Temperature During Kernel Development on Rice Physicochemical Properties

2008

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“…Thin kernels are known to have a greater individual kernel MC than thicker kernels, and as such may be more vulnerable to discoloration during storage (Siebenmorgen et al 2006). It was this pattern that prompted the use of image analysis software for differentiating discoloration among kernels.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Delayed Drying on Discoloration and Functionality of Rice

Haydon

Siebenmorgen

2017

Cereal Chem

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Cereal Chem. 94(4):683-692In-bin, on-farm drying systems for rough rice present challenges for maintaining kernel quality when drying fronts stall and the top layer of grain maintains its harvest moisture content (MC) for extended periods. This high MC, in addition to ambient temperatures in early autumn in the Mid-South United States, creates ideal conditions for quality losses to occur. This study evaluated the effects of rough rice storage at MCs of 12.5, 16, 19, and 21% for up to 16 weeks at temperatures of 20, 27, and 40°C on milling yields, kernel color, and functionality of three long-grain cultivars. Head rice yield was negatively impacted only after other reductions in quality had occurred. Temperature-specific discoloration patterns were observed at 27 and 40°C in 2014; the uniquely discolored kernels seen in 2014 at 27°C were absent from samples in 2015 under identical conditions. Peak viscosity, breakdown, and final viscosity tended to increase over storage duration at 20 and 27°C and all storage MCs but plateaued after 8 weeks. Storage of rice at 40°C and all MCs greatly reduced peak viscosity after 6 weeks. To prevent quality losses, in-bin dryers should be monitored closely to avoid exceeding the thresholds of storage MC, temperature, and duration identified here. † Corresponding Vol. 94, No. 4, 2017 683 z Means and standard deviations (in parentheses) for head rice yield, degree of milling, head rice protein, whiteness (L*), discolored kernel area, and viscosity properties by cultivar and year in samples stored at 12.5% MC and 20°C, averaged across all storage durations given in Table I. Significant differences between means were tested by Tukey's honestly significant difference test at (P < 0.05) and are indicated by lowercase letters. pp = percentage point.

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“…The protective layers of the milled rice are removed in the milling operations. It reveals about the endosperm portion of the milled rice is easy to absorb the moisture content [40].Brown rice having the layers such as surface lipids and wax content. These layers are not allow the water into the kernel [41].…”

Section: Paddy Moisture Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on Parameters Influencing the Rice Breakage and Rubber Roll Wear in Sheller

Prabhakaran¹,

Ranganathan

Kumar

et al. 2017

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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REVIEW ON PARAMETERS INFLUENCING THE RICE BREAKAGE AND RUBBER ROLL WEAR IN SHELLERThe present review deals with parameters influencing the rice breakage during rice milling operations and the effect of rubber roll Sheller in rice husk removal process. The main objective of rice milling system is to remove the husk and bran layer to produce the white rice. In this process, rubber roll sheller is used to remove husk from the grains by friction process. If the rubber material is too soft, there may not be sufficient shear force to husk the paddy. Wear will be minimum for rubber material with high hardness but indeed it pronounce the breakage of rice. Hence, for efficient husking the rubber roll material should possess the balance of physico-mechanical properties. Rice breakage depends on several other parameters like the type of harvest, drying temperature, drying methods, physical characteristics of paddy, husking characteristics, paddy moisture content, rubber roller speed, rubber roll pressure, paddy feed rate and fissures. Rubber roll wear depends on the type of rubber material attached to the roller, feed rate, roller speed, pressure etc.

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Predicting Rice Physicochemical Properties Using Thickness Fraction Properties

Cited by 24 publications

References 23 publications

Effects of Nighttime Temperature During Kernel Development on Rice Physicochemical Properties

Effects of Nighttime Temperature During Kernel Development on Rice Physicochemical Properties

Impacts of Delayed Drying on Discoloration and Functionality of Rice

Review on Parameters Influencing the Rice Breakage and Rubber Roll Wear in Sheller

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