Predicting Ecotoxicological Impacts of Environmental Contaminants on Terrestrial Small Mammals

Shore, Richard F.; Douben, Peter E. T.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-7068-0_3

Cited by 68 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…Apart from the financial benefits, the exploration of crude oil brings about the pollution of our environment including our waterways (rivers and streams). Hence, crude oil exposure presents a potential harzard to both aquatic terrestrial species (Shore and Douben, 1994). Generally, crude oil reaching the terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems arrives as a consequence of spillage which may result from natural seepages, offshore exploration, leakage from oil wells or from oil tankers, accidents from oil tankers, land based discharges and sabotage (Awobajo, 1981.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haematoxic Effects Following Ingestion Of Nigerian Crude Oil And Crude Oil Polluted Shellfish By Rats

et al. 2005

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Summary:The haematological effects following ingestion of shellfish exposed to crude oil polluted water or the pollutant perse were investigated in albino Wistar rats. Feeding of four groups of rats for 28 days duration with two reference casein or shellfish protein control diets (Group A and B), and two test diets (Group C and D) supplemented at varying levels with shellfish which had been previously exposed to crude oil polluted water and the oral gavaging with crude oil at the rate of 3, 6 and 9 ml/kg body weight per day to three groups (groups II, III and IV respectively) of rats for 7 days duration resulted in changes in packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cell (WBC) counts, and haemoglobin concentration (Hb) of rats. Group C and D respectively fed 10% and 20% polluted shellfish diets recorded significant (P < 0.05) decreases in PCV and RBC counts while Hb concentration and WBC counts increased. Groups II, III and IV gavaged with varying doses of crude oil recorded significant (P < 0.05 -0.01) dose dependent decrease in PCV and RBC counts when compared to controls (group 1). Hb and WBC counts also increased for these groups but the increase was only significant for WBC counts (P < 0.05) when compared with controls. The results suggest that the ingestion of shellfish exposed to crude oil polluted water or the polluted perse results in haematotoxicity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haematoxic Effects Following Ingestion Of Nigerian Crude Oil And Crude Oil Polluted Shellfish By Rats

et al. 2005

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“…The exploration of crude oil brings about the pollution of our environment including rivers, streams and exposure to crude oil presents a potential hazard to both aquatic and terrestrial species (Shore and Douben, 2001). Crude oil has been reported to contain several poisonous compounds, which accumulate in the body and induce toxic symptoms that sometimes result in death (Heintz et al, 1999).…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of ingested crude oil contaminated diets on antioxidant enzyme and lipid profile in Wistar albino rat

Ogara¹,

Joshua²,

Omeje³

et al. 2017

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management

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ABSTRACT:In this study, we investigated the effect of orally administered crude oil contaminated diet on some biochemical parameters of wistar rat. Twenty four (24) wistar rats weighing between 125-180g were randomly grouped into four (4) of six animals each. Each group was fed with different concentrations of crude oil contaminated diet for 21days. At the end of each week, blood sample (2ml) was drawn from the median cantus vein of the eyes of the rats with the aid of a capillary tube and the plasma samples prepared for the biochemical tests. Also, one animal from each group was sacrificed and dissected every week; their livers were collected, weighed, washed with normal saline and later homogenized in a mortar and the isolate used for biochemical analysis. The results obtained showed the there was an increase in the weight of wet liver, lipid peroxidation and plasma protein concentration. Similarly, a time dependent increase in cholesterol concentration was obtained, with a significant decrease (p<0.05) in the mean body weight and percentage inhibition of superoxide dismutase. These results suggest that there was a negative alteration of the biochemical parameters examined which could have been induced by the contaminated feed they consumed. ©JASEM http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v20i4.4

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“…For instance, data for As from chronic feeding studies in the literature support TRVs of 1-4.2 mg/kg-day for reproductive effects in mice (Schroeder and Mitchener, 1971;Hood et al, 1987 [results of an unpublished study]). The lowest-observed-adverse-effect level (based on reproductive endpoints) for dietary Pb (HJO mg/kg dry weight) was calculated to be equivalent to a daily intake of 30-60 mg/kg for shrews and wild rodents (Shore and Douben, 1994). The effects of Zn ingestion by small mammals have been reviewed by ATSDR (1992).…”

Section: Reproductive Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioaccumulation of Trace Elements and Reproductive Effects in Deer Mice(Peromyscus maniculatus)

Tier¹,

Mulligan²,

Pastorok³

et al. 1995

ASMR

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Reproductive parameters were used to evaluate the potential effects of exposure of female deer mice to trace elements-enriched soils in the Upper Clark Fork River Superfund Complex. Deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) were collected from floodplain (riparian) and transitional area habitats in each of four drainages with a wide range of trace element concentrations in soil. Whole-body tissue concentrations of As, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn were measured in composite samples of male and female deer mice. Females.were necropsied and the uteri were removed to evaluate reproductive performance based on percentages of females with embryos and with uterine scars (i.e., implantation sites) and the mean numbers of embryos and uterine scars per female. Reproductive activity was evidenced by the presence of embryos or uterine scarring in animals from trace elements-enriched areas. Deer mice were prevalent in all areas and mean litter size ( 4.4 per female) was normal for this region (4-6 pups per female). These results indicate that elevated trace element concentrations in deer mice do not result in measurable effects on reproduction.

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Predicting Ecotoxicological Impacts of Environmental Contaminants on Terrestrial Small Mammals

Cited by 68 publications

References 90 publications

Haematoxic Effects Following Ingestion Of Nigerian Crude Oil And Crude Oil Polluted Shellfish By Rats

Haematoxic Effects Following Ingestion Of Nigerian Crude Oil And Crude Oil Polluted Shellfish By Rats

Effects of ingested crude oil contaminated diets on antioxidant enzyme and lipid profile in Wistar albino rat

Bioaccumulation of Trace Elements and Reproductive Effects in Deer Mice(Peromyscus maniculatus)

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