Effects of ingested crude oil contaminated diets on antioxidant enzyme and lipid profile in Wistar albino rat

Abstract

ABSTRACT:In this study, we investigated the effect of orally administered crude oil contaminated diet on some biochemical parameters of wistar rat. Twenty four (24) wistar rats weighing between 125-180g were randomly grouped into four (4) of six animals each. Each group was fed with different concentrations of crude oil contaminated diet for 21days. At the end of each week, blood sample (2ml) was drawn from the median cantus vein of the eyes of the rats with the aid of a capillary tube and the plasma samples prepared for the biochemical tests. Also, one animal from each group was sacrificed and dissected every week; their livers were collected, weighed, washed with normal saline and later homogenized in a mortar and the isolate used for biochemical analysis. The results obtained showed the there was an increase in the weight of wet liver, lipid peroxidation and plasma protein concentration. Similarly, a time dependent increase in cholesterol concentration was obtained, with a significant decrease (p<0.05) in the mean body weight and percentage inhibition of superoxide dismutase. These results suggest that there was a negative alteration of the biochemical parameters examined which could have been induced by the contaminated feed they consumed. ©JASEM http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v20i4.4

Pretreatment with Oil Palm Leaf Extracts Confers Protection Against Crude Oil Adulterated Food (COAF)

“…However, these reductions in weight of rats were not significantly reduced in rats pretreated with oil palm leaf extracts ( Table 1). The observed petroleum-induced changes in body weight of experimental rats follow similar patterns previously reported by Ogara et al 41 and Sumonu and Oloyede in rats 6,42 and Ugwu et al in Clarias species. 43 Crude oil-induced metabolic derangement in the environment and biological samples have been well elucidated by various studies 10,21,20,25,41 all of which have established that foodborne petroleum cross-contamination has serious negative effects on the wellbeing and safety of all forms of life.…”

“…All of the above are similar to the protection conferred on rats by incorporation of powdered oil palm leaf in petroleum-contaminated diets in rats by Achuba. 26; 27 In another development, crude oil diet contamination is often occasioned with the generation of oxidative radicals which is often culminated in the depletion of several enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and increased lipid peroxidation 6,14,18,19,[25][26][27] and is said to be no different from the one reported in this study (Table 5). However, the use of plant materials by various studies have also been reported to contribute significantly to averting the free radical generating potentials of crude oil-induced oxidative damage to animals.…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5] These contaminations when not properly handled is often left to enter the food chain and have been proven to have different heights of noxiousness on both man and animals as several metabolic disease conditions have been linked to these contaminants as well. [6][7][8] This trend makes food chain petroleum contamination a high-risk burden in areas where ever crude oil exploration occurs as the breakdown of petroleum hydrocarbons have led to the release of free radical generating compounds and activated oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, and carbon metabolites into the cells leading to different types of autoimmune disease conditions often manifested as growth impairment, oxidative stress, diabetes, neurodegeneration, and cancer. [9][10][11][12][13][14] In a bid to come to the rescue of man, researchers' all over the world have increasingly advocated the use of natural products as alternatives to synthetic adjuvants against toxic compounds as these synthetics aside being expensive may have some element of contribution to counter drug reactions occurring in biological systems.…”

Molecular, biochemical and histopathological studies on the ameliorative effect of vitamin C on the renal and muscle tissues of Nile tilapia fish ( Oreochromis niloticus ) affected by the usage of engine oil

“…These chemical components are absorbed into living cells and metabolized into reactive metabolites (Ali & Mai, ).The toxic components of oil effluent are considered to be substrates of cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A1), the major detoxification enzyme for crude oil (Incardona, ). Petroleum hydrocarbons or carbon‐containing compounds are converted into free radicals or activated metabolites during their oxidation in cells (Ogara, Joshua, Omeje, & Onwurah, ). These activated metabolites react with some cellular components, such as membrane lipids, and produce lipid peroxidation products, which may lead to membrane damage (Odo et al, ).…”

Protection Effects of Vernonia Amygdalina Methanolic Extracts Against Hepatocellular Damage Induced by Petroleum Contaminated Diets in Male Rats

“…Today, man stands a greater risk of being consciously or unconsciously exposed to several petroleum products and its allied constituent chemicals [5,6].Several compounds related to petroleum are broken down to free radicals or highly activated metabolites that often results in several illnesses such as cancer, neurodegenerative and metabolic syndromes [7][8][9] . The noxiousness of environmental petroleum is highly documented as numerous reports also indicate that food borne allied exposure of petroleum to man remains a serious challenge that must be undaunted [10,11].…”