Predatory behavior among wild chimpanzees of the mahale mountains

Nishida, Toshisada; Uehara, Shigeo; Nyundo, Ramadhani

doi:10.1007/bf02373826

Cited by 186 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The method of scattering pieces of five or six stalks at the artificial feeding place, then withholding bait while notes were taken, is described in Mori (1982) and Nishida (1980). Nishida et al (1979) summarized the observational methods used to study the chimpanzees of Mahale.7 In the fixed provisioning method, researchers either waited at the feeding place for chimpanzees to arrive and recorded behavior only at the feeding site or, alternatively, followed the chimpanzees when they left the feeding place. The former method provided the main data source on K group and the latter was used most for M group which rarely came to the feeding ground and stayed only briefly.…”

Section: Provisioning Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Provisioning and the study of free-ranging primates: History, effects, and prospects

Asquith

1989

Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.

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Since the first field primate studies there has been debate over whether or not provisioning as an aid to observation of free-ranging groups alters behavior and population processes t o the extent that those studies are not indicative of the animals' natural lives. If they are not, a significant amount of long-term data on several species of primates would be rendered irrelevant to analysis of natural population processes, and to the pool of knowledge of behavior and social groups on which a picture of historical and current selection pressures is built. At present these studies cannot be used comparatively with nonprovisioned studies due to lack of information on quantities of food supplement or certainty about effects of different provisioning methods on demography and behavior.The perception that Japanese primate studies are conducted largely on provisioned groups is inaccurate. An expanding number of study populations within Japan and most overseas studies are conducted without provisioning. Historically, the reason for provisioning the endemic Japanese macaque was to facilitate observation, but it has since become also a means of conservation. Provisioning in most other instances by both Japanese and Western primatologists has been done on an ad hoc basis.Studies of supplemental feeding effects on non-primate species suggest that food supply secondarily limits population density and fecundity is not the most important factor affecting population increase.Provisioning is essential to the survival of many primate groups and provisioned groups will likely increase. Studies of natural primate ecology should be used to determine the least intrusive methods of supplementary feeding.The effects of artificial or supplemental feeding, baiting, or provisioning on the behavior and demography of free-ranging nonhuman primates have long been a concern in primatology (Altmann and Altmann, 1979;Carpenter, 1969;Fa, 1986; Fa and Southwick, 1988;Frisch, 1959Frisch, ,1963Fukuda, 1988;Goodall, 1983;Imanishi, 1965;Itani, 1975;Izawa, 1982;Lawick-Goodall, 1971;Maruhashi et al., 1986;Mori, 1977Mori, ,1979Nishida, 1979; Power, 1986, in prep.;Reynolds, 1975;Southwick et al., 1976;Sugiyama and Ohsawa, 1982;Wrangham, 1974, and in passim in numerous research publications). Provisioning' in a general sense refers to the 'The terms "provisioning" and "provisionization" were formerly distinguished. During the first decade of artificial feeding by Japanese, the term "provisionize" referred to the process of semidomestication of the Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) in which the macaques accepted food in the presence of humans (Simonds, 0 1989 Alan R. Liss, Inc. [Vol. 32, 1989 offering of food beyond the natural supply and/or quality of the animals' environment (Fa, 1986). Provisioning in primate studies was begun innocuously enough on the small island Cayo Santiago, off Puerto Rico, to supplement an inadequate natural food supply for an imported colony of rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) (Carpenter, 1942) and in Japan and East...

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Section: Provisioning Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Provisioning and the study of free-ranging primates: History, effects, and prospects

Asquith

1989

Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.

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“…Male chimpanzees are philopatric, 26,27 and thus live with their genetic relatives throughout their lives. From this, a third possibility arises, which is that males adjust their patrolling effort to obtain indirect fitness benefits.…”

Section: Territorial Boundary Patrolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[119][120][121][122] Because of this, females rarely interact with conspecifics, so that social relationships between them have been difficult to document. In addition, females reproduce slowly 3,5,6,50 and most disperse from their natal groups, 5,26,27 making their subsequent activities invisible to human observers. Given these circumstances, it has taken an extraordinary amount of time to obtain even the most basic information about the behavior of female chimpanzees in the wild.…”

Section: Female Chimpanzee Competitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cooperation and competition in chimpanzees: Current understanding and future challenges

Mitani¹

2009

Evolutionary Anthropology

114

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“…For example, it has been suggested that habituation can 'spread' beyond the target group due to migration (Goldsmith 2005 ). In chimpanzees, this could result from young females dispersing to neighbouring communities (Nishida and Kawanaka 1972 ;; Pusey 1979 ;; Williams 1999 ) and, in doing so, transmitting their altered behavioural responses to humans to their unhabituated conspecifics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socially learned habituation to human observers in wild chimpanzees

et al. 2014

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Habituation to human observers is an essential tool in animal behaviour research. Habituation occurs when repeated and inconsequential exposure to a human observer gradually reduces an animal's natural aversive response. Despite the importance of habituation, little is known about the psychological mechanisms facilitating it in wild animals. Although animal learning theory offers some account, the patterns are more complex in natural than in laboratory settings, especially in large social groups in which individual experiences vary and individuals influence each other. Here, we investigate the role of social learning during the

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Predatory behavior among wild chimpanzees of the mahale mountains

Cited by 186 publications

References 14 publications

Provisioning and the study of free-ranging primates: History, effects, and prospects

Provisioning and the study of free-ranging primates: History, effects, and prospects

Cooperation and competition in chimpanzees: Current understanding and future challenges

Socially learned habituation to human observers in wild chimpanzees

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