Predator-induced life history shifts in <i>Daphnia</i>: a synthesis of studies using meta-analysis

Riessen, Howard P.

doi:10.1080/03680770.1998.11898277

Cited by 65 publications

(100 citation statements)

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“…1D). Although most studies do not report number of juvenile instars, earlier age and smaller size at maturity in response to fish cue are commonly found (Riessen 1999), which is consistent with that hypothesis. If the fish cue indeed increases probability of maturation at an earlier instar, it is plausible that all its other effects are a consequence of this shift.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Response to fish kairomone in Daphnia galeata life history traits relies on shift to earlier instar at maturation

Sakwińska

2002

Oecologia

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The aim of the present study was to clarify the mechanisms underlying the expression of phenotypic plasticity in Daphnia life history traits in response to fish kairomone and to explore how these mechanisms interact with genetic variation for life history traits. I studied the effect of fish kairomone on life history traits in 16 Daphnia galeata clones. Maturation occurred more often at the earlier instars in response to the fish treatment, resulting in earlier age and smaller size at maturity. The changes in age and size at maturity which occurred in the response to the fish treatment could be attributed to a large extent to this shift. In addition, fish kairomone resulted in smaller instar increments after the maturation process was initiated, but not during the juvenile period. Within groups of animals maturing at the same instar, larger size at birth resulted in larger size at maturity, but had no effect on age at maturity. However, larger size at birth brought about earlier maturity because animals which were larger at birth matured more often at the earlier instar. Fish treatment resulted in more, but smaller, offspring in the first clutch relative to the size of the mother. Genetic variation was found in all measured life history traits. Genetic variation in plasticities of life history traits was not detectable by standard methods, and was only shown when the above mechanisms of expression of life history traits were taken into account. This study illustrates the importance of a thorough understanding of the mechanisms underlying the expression of life history traits, in this case, sources and consequences of maturation in the multiple instars. Not only is this necessary to predict the long-term effect of the environment, but also to understand the response of life history traits and their plasticities to natural selection. Electronic supplementary material to this paper can be obtained by using the Springer LINK server located at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-002-0901-0.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Response to fish kairomone in Daphnia galeata life history traits relies on shift to earlier instar at maturation

Sakwińska

2002

Oecologia

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“…Concurrently, predators of Chaoborus, such as fish, may alter aspects of Chaoborus life history by reducing foraging activity or through facultative adjustments of development (Ball and Baker 1996;Beckerman et al 2007;Riessen 1999). A reduction in activity or foraging should drive lower prey intake leading to increased time to pupation, decreased size at maturity, and/or decreased investment in reproduction-similar to the effects of defended prey.…”

Section: Expectationsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…We suggest that the reduction in time to pupation and gut size represent facultative, potentially adaptive changes that reduce pre-reproductive predator exposure (Ball and Baker 1996;Riessen 1999;Beckerman et al 2007). Interestingly, as argued above, these changes may also manifest, indirectly, lower resource acquisition (e.g.…”

Section: Resource Mediation Versus Facultative Responsesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Reciprocity in predator–prey interactions: exposure to defended prey and predation risk affects intermediate predator life history and morphology

Hammill

Beckerman

2009

Oecologia

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A vast body of literature exists documenting the morphological, behavioural and life history changes that predators induce in prey. However, little attention has been paid to how these induced changes feed back and affect the predators' life history and morphology. Larvae of the phantom midge Chaoborus flavicans are intermediate predators in a food web with Daphnia pulex as the basal resource and planktivorous fish as the top predator. C. flavicans prey on D. pulex and are themselves prey for fish; as D. pulex induce morphological defences in the presence of C. flavicans this is an ideal system in which to evaluate the effects of defended prey and top predators on an intermediate consumer. We assessed the impact on C. flavicans life history and morphology of foraging on defended prey while also being exposed to the non-lethal presence of a top fish predator. We tested the basic hypothesis that the effects of defended prey will depend on the presence or absence of top predator predation risk. Feeding rate was significantly reduced and time to pupation was significantly increased by defended morph prey. Gut size, development time, fecundity, egg size and reproductive effort respond to fish chemical cues directly or significantly alter the relationship between a trait and body size. We found no significant interactions between prey morph and the non-lethal presence of a top predator, suggesting that the effects of these two biological factors were additive or singularly independent. Overall it appears that C. flavicans is able to substantially modify several aspects of its biology, and while some changes appear mere consequences of resource limitation others appear facultative in nature.

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“…The spectrum of phenotypic expression is directly mediated by environmental selective pressures that can potentially result in different phenotypes (Pigliucci 2001;Berke et al 2013). Phenotypic differences in adult size across an environmental gradient can be explained by various biotic and abiotic pressures, such as predation pressure (Riessen 1999), resource availability (Chase 1999), and ambient temperature (Atkinson 1994). Moreover, the trait of body size can have significant and diverse ecological consequences because it has the capacity to influence many aspects of an organism's 1 3 biology including physiology, behavior, anatomy, and reproduction (Naganuma and Roughgarden 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermogeographic variation in body size of Carcinus maenas, the European green crab

et al. 2015

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biogeographic differences in size (carapace width) exist for a recent invasion of the non-native European green crab, Carcinus maenas, along the west coast of North America. We assembled trapping and temperature data collected from 10 sites along the western North American coast over a 5-year period. We also conducted a literature review of C. maenas size across their native range. Our results indicate that adult body size shows negative correlation with environmental temperature in both the native and invaded ranges, conforming to the temperature-size rule for ectotherms. Given the short time since colonization and lack of evident genetic structure across the invasive range, it may be that phenotypic plasticity in response to environmental temperature is driving this relationship. Forces that shape the phenotypic trajectory of species may play an important role in both invasion dynamics and subsequent ecological impacts.

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Predator-induced life history shifts in Daphnia: a synthesis of studies using meta-analysis

Cited by 65 publications

References 0 publications

Response to fish kairomone in Daphnia galeata life history traits relies on shift to earlier instar at maturation

Response to fish kairomone in Daphnia galeata life history traits relies on shift to earlier instar at maturation

Reciprocity in predator–prey interactions: exposure to defended prey and predation risk affects intermediate predator life history and morphology

Thermogeographic variation in body size of Carcinus maenas, the European green crab

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