Predation on emergent lake trout fry in Lake Champlain

Riley, Jacob W.; Marsden, J. Ellen

doi:10.1016/j.jglr.2009.01.005

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…This is consistent with results from the Laurentian Great Lakes, where Alewife-derived thiaminase has caused thiamine deficiency complex (TDC) in Atlantic Salmon (Fitzsimons et al 1999;Honeyfield et al 2005). However, recruitment of wild Lake Trout and Atlantic Salmon was low in Lake Champlain prior to the Alewife invasion (Riley and Marsden 2009;Marsden and Langdon 2012), so any additional decline in recruitment associated with increasing thiamine deficiency would be difficult to detect. Furthermore, Alewives do not cause TDC in all systems in which they are present (Fitzsimons et al 1999.…”

supporting

confidence: 84%

“…). However, recruitment of wild Lake Trout and Atlantic Salmon was low in Lake Champlain prior to the Alewife invasion (Riley and Marsden ; Marsden and Langdon ), so any additional decline in recruitment associated with increasing thiamine deficiency would be difficult to detect. Furthermore, Alewives do not cause TDC in all systems in which they are present (Fitzsimons et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Piscivore Diet Shifts and Trophic Level Change after Alewife Establishment in Lake Champlain

et al. 2018

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Invasions and deliberate introductions of new prey species are likely to affect the prey choice and trophic level of resident predators. Rainbow Smelt Osmerus mordax and Alewife Alosa pseudoharengus are common prey fish species in lakes throughout North America, either as native or nonnative species. The establishment of Alewives in the 2000s in a lake with a native Rainbow Smelt population (Lake Champlain) presented an opportunity to study changes in the diet and trophic level of fish already established in the system. Using stable isotope analysis, we found that Alewives became a major component of predator diets, in particular of the diets of Atlantic Salmon Salmo salar and Walleye Sander vitreus. Lake Trout Salvelinus namaycush consumed relatively few Alewives. For Walleyes (the predator with both pre‐ and post‐Alewife isotope ratios available), the δ15N values decreased significantly from the pre‐Alewife period of the late 1990s, indicating that Walleyes feed at lower trophic levels when Alewives are present. Predation on Alewives was correlated with the amount of spatial overlap of predators and prey. Our results show that the introduction of Alewives has altered the predator–prey linkages in Lake Champlain, alterations that can have major effects on food web structure and trophic cascades.

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supporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Piscivore Diet Shifts and Trophic Level Change after Alewife Establishment in Lake Champlain

et al. 2018

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“…Although spawning stock size (best characterised as population egg production) must play some role in shaping recruitment, nearly a century of research has demonstrated that additional factors underlie recruitment variation. For example, the importance of overlap between first-feeding larvae and their prey (Hjort 1914;Cushing 1968), the role of predation on early life stages (Mills et al 1987;Leggett & DeBlois 1994;Mason & Brandt 1996;Riley & Marsden 2009), as well as the impact of climatic variables (Leggett et al 1984;Brown et al 1993;Hurst 2007) each has explained recruitment variability in fish populations. Incorporating these variables into models that traditionally were based only on spawning stock size also is consistent with the move towards ecosystem-based fishery management.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population‐level effects of egg predation on a native planktivore in a large freshwater lake

Bunnell

Mychek-Londer

Madenjian

2013

Ecology of Freshwater Fish

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Using a 37-year recruitment time series, we uncovered a field pattern revealing a strong, inverse relationship between bloater Coregonus hoyi recruitment success and slimy sculpin Cottus cognatus biomass in Lake Michigan (United States), one of the largest freshwater lakes of the world. Given that slimy sculpins (and deepwater sculpin Myoxocephalus thompsonii) are known egg predators that spatiotemporally overlap with incubating bloater eggs, we used recently published data on sculpin diets and daily ration to model annual bloater egg consumption by sculpins for the 1973-2010 year-classes. Although several strong year-classes were produced in the late 1980s when the proportion of eggs consumed by slimy sculpins was extremely low (i.e., <0.001) and several weak year-classes were produced when the proportion of bloater eggs consumed was at its highest (i.e., >0.10-1.0), egg predation failed to explain why recruitment was weak for the [1995][1996][1997][1998][1999][2000][2001][2002][2003][2004][2005] year-classes when the proportion consumed was also low (i.e., <0.02). We concluded that egg predation by slimy and deepwater sculpins could have limited bloater recruitment in some years, but that some undetermined factor was more important in many other years. Given that slimy sculpin densities are influenced by piscivorous lake trout Salvelinus namaycush, the restoration of which in Lake Michigan has lagged behind those in lakes Superior and Huron, our study highlights the importance of an ecosystem perspective when considering population dynamics of fishes.

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“…Immersion time in the chemical is short (minutes rather than hours), which minimizes stress, and the mark is visible both externally (scales and fin rays) and internally (bones and otoliths) under fluorescent light, so that fish do not need to be killed for mark detection. The purposes of this study were to evaluate calcein as a mark for newly hatched Lake Trout fry and to use calcein in a mark-recapture study of fry emerging on a reef that has been historically sampled with emergent fry traps (Ellrott and Marsden 2005;Marsden et al 2005;Riley et al 2009).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Calcein for Estimating Abundance of Lake Trout Alevins on a Spawning Reef

Marsden

Kelsey²,

Riley

et al. 2014

N American J Fish Manag

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Reproduction by stocked Lake Trout Salvelinus namaycush is generally estimated as the relative abundance of fry, that is, catch per unit effort in emergent fry traps and in beam trawls, but these estimates have high variance due to spatially heterogeneous distributions of fry. We used calcein, which produces a fluorescent mark in calcified structures, to batch‐mark fry and generate a mark–recapture estimate of fry abundance on a small, shallow spawning reef. Eggs collected from feral Lake Trout in Lake Champlain, Vermont were reared at ambient lake temperatures, and fry were marked 7 d after hatching. Fry were immersed in a salt solution for osmotic induction and then placed for 4 min in a calcein solution. After marking, 18,000 fry were released on a spawning reef, and 2,000 fry were maintained in the hatchery. Wild‐caught fry and hatchery fry were checked for marks every 2–9 d. Mark clarity was highest in the mandible and tail rays. Marks may have faded, but they did not disappear: marks were visible in the mandible in 100% of hatchery fry after 68 d. An average of 37% of wild‐caught fry had marks, yielding a Chapman population estimate (±SD) of 47,486±2,301. The mark–recapture estimate was within the range of fry abundance estimated over 6 years based on egg density data and estimates of hatching success but was substantially higher than estimated for the same year‐class. This work supports prior estimates of fry abundance and provides a potential method for assessing fry abundance on deep reefs and the success of fry stocking. Received June 4, 2013; accepted November 20, 2013

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Predation on emergent lake trout fry in Lake Champlain

Cited by 14 publications

References 38 publications

Piscivore Diet Shifts and Trophic Level Change after Alewife Establishment in Lake Champlain

Piscivore Diet Shifts and Trophic Level Change after Alewife Establishment in Lake Champlain

Population‐level effects of egg predation on a native planktivore in a large freshwater lake

Evaluation of Calcein for Estimating Abundance of Lake Trout Alevins on a Spawning Reef

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