Predation by the tayra on the common marmoset and the pale-throated three-toed sloth

Bezerra, Bruna M.; Barnett, Adrian A.; Souto, Antonio; Jones, Gareth

doi:10.1007/s10164-008-0090-3

Cited by 45 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…However, another study of the same species reported the opposite pattern [Ferrari and Ferrari, 1990]. Avoidance of predators by infants during mobbing events has also been reported for common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) [Bezerra et al, 2009] and red-fronted lemurs (Eulemur fulvus rufus) [Pyritz and Andrianjanahary, 2010]. Experiments testing the cultural transmission hypothesis show mixed results as well.…”

Section: Cultural Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Why Mob? Reassessing the Costs and Benefits of Primate Predator Harassment

Crofoot¹

2013

IJFP

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While some primate species attempt to avoid predators by fleeing, hiding or producing alarm calls, others actually approach, harass and sometimes attack potential threats, a behavior known as ‘mobbing’. Why individuals risk their safety to mob potential predators remains poorly understood. Here, I review reports of predator harassment by primates to (1) determine the distribution of this behavior across taxa, (2) assess what is known about the costs of mobbing, and (3) evaluate hypotheses about its function. Mobbing is taxonomically widespread and is used against a wide range of predator species. However, inconsistent use of the term ‘mobbing’ within the primate literature, the lack of systematic studies of primate mobbing, and the likelihood of systematic biases in the existing data pose significant obstacles to understanding this puzzling behavior. Although difficult to quantify, the costs associated with harassing predators appear nontrivial. Many benefits that have been proposed to explain mobbing in birds may also be important in primate systems. There are puzzling aspects of primate mobbing, however, that existing hypotheses cannot explain. Future research should consider the within-group signaling potential of this costly behavior, as well as the ability of behavioral syndromes to explain the distribution of mobbing in primates.

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Section: Cultural Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Why Mob? Reassessing the Costs and Benefits of Primate Predator Harassment

Crofoot¹

2013

IJFP

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“…However, if crypsis were being deployed as a means of diminishing the chance of being detected by a predator, then one might expect general cessation of activity and of vocalisations [Guilford and Dawkins, 1991]. When, as we described with tayra, ongoing behaviours are not modified (or are mild), as in the case of spider monkeys ( table 2 ) [van Roosmalen and Klein, 1988], despite the proximity of a known predator species [Camargo and Ferrari, 2007;Bezerra et al, 2009], then we believe it is reasonable to conclude that the primates have categorised such individuals as 'predators not dangerous at the present time'. However, they do not always show such selective responses, in some circumstances, responding even to harmless species that are not able to predate on primates, such as tapirs, sloths, vultures or macaws ( table 2 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Primates often react decisively to large predators in situations of imminent threat [Matsuda and Izawa, 2008;Barnett et al, 2011;Mourthé, 2011], but they react quite differently to certain potential predators in different contexts. For example, a known primate predator such as the tayra can elicit reactions as diverse as alarm-calling, mobbing or no reaction at all [Phillips, 1995;Asensio and Gómez-Martín, 2002;Camargo and Ferrari, 2007;Bezerra et al, 2009]. In other cases, some primates (particularly small ones) can react even to non-dangerous species in certain circumstances [Ferrari and Lopes Ferrari, 1990;Heymann, 1990].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crying Tapir: The Functionality of Errors and Accuracy in Predator Recognition in Two Neotropical High-Canopy Primates

Mourthé¹,

Barnett²

2015

IJFP

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Predation is often considered to be a prime driver in primate evolution, but, as predation is rarely observed in nature, little is known of primate antipredator responses. Time-limited primates should be highly discerning when responding to predators, since time spent in vigilance and avoidance behaviour may supplant other activities. We present data from two independent studies describing and quantifying the frequency, nature and duration of predator-linked behaviours in 2 high-canopy primates, Ateles belzebuth and Cacajao ouakary. We introduce the concept of ‘pseudopredators' (harmless species whose appearance is sufficiently similar to that of predators to elicit antipredator responses) and predict that changes in behaviour should increase with risk posed by a perceived predator. We studied primate group encounters with non-primate vertebrates across 14 (Ateles) and 19 (Cacajao) months in 2 undisturbed Amazonian forests. Although preliminary, data on both primates revealed that they distinguished the potential predation capacities of other species, as predicted. They appeared to differentiate predators from non-predators and distinguished when potential predators were not an immediate threat, although they reacted erroneously to pseudopredators, on average in about 20% of the responses given toward other vertebrates. Reacting to pseudopredators would be interesting since, in predation, one error can be fatal to the prey.

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“…The area is also inhabited by several mammalian carnivores, including tayras (Eira barbara) and at least four species of cats; ocelots (Leopardus pardalis), oncillas (Leopardus tigrinus), jaguarondis (Herpailurus yagouaroundi), pumas (Puma concolor), and possibly jaguars (Panthera onca). All but oncilla and jaguarondis are confirmed primate predators (Miranda et al 2006;Bianchi and Mendes 2007;Ludwig et al 2007;Bezerra et al 2009;Ferrari 2009;de Luna et al 2010). Finally, titi monkeys have also been observed being preyed upon by capuchin monkeys (in Freese and Oppenheimer 1981;Lawrence 2003;Sampaio and Ferrari 2005).…”

Section: Predatorsmentioning

confidence: 98%

The alarm call system of wild black-fronted titi monkeys, Callicebus nigrifrons

Cäsar

Byrne

Young

et al. 2012

Behav Ecol Sociobiol

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Upon encountering predators, many animals produce specific vocalisations that alert others and sometimes dissuade the predators from hunting. Callicebus monkeys are known for their large vocal repertoire, but little is known about the function and meaning of most call types. We recorded a large number of natural predator responses from five different groups of black-fronted titi monkeys in their Atlantic forest habitat in South Eastern Brazil. When detecting predatory threats, adult group members responded with call sequences that initially consisted of two brief, highpitched calls with distinct frequency contours. Call A was mainly given to raptors but also to predatory capuchin monkeys and other threats within the canopy, while call B was given to predatory or non-predatory disturbances on the ground. In later parts of the sequences, we also recorded a high-pitched unmodulated call C and various low-pitched loud calls. Results therefore suggest that calls A and B provide listeners with rapid and reliable information about the general classes of danger experienced by the caller, while obtaining more specific information through other call types and combinations and behavioural responses. We discuss these findings in relation to current evolutionary theory of primate communication.

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Predation by the tayra on the common marmoset and the pale-throated three-toed sloth

Cited by 45 publications

References 30 publications

Why Mob? Reassessing the Costs and Benefits of Primate Predator Harassment

Why Mob? Reassessing the Costs and Benefits of Primate Predator Harassment

Crying Tapir: The Functionality of Errors and Accuracy in Predator Recognition in Two Neotropical High-Canopy Primates

The alarm call system of wild black-fronted titi monkeys, Callicebus nigrifrons

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