Precision two-photon spectroscopy of alkali elements

Chirping removes recoil effect on fluorescence signal of optical pumping by synchronous frequency modulation

“…The high population and coherence time of the pumped magnetic sublevels enhance amplitude and bandwidth [3,4]. An optimum rate of frequency modulation for optical pumping is observed to be determined by coherence time of the magnetic sublevels.…”

“…Optical pumping is one of the well-known methods for development of the precise metrology and spectroscopy like atomic magnetometry, LGS and so on [1,2]. In optical pumping, polarized light is used to create and detect polarization in the atomic vapor [3][4][5]. The modulation of the optical beam is the best technique for locking detector to the atomic flourcence's signal based on its simplicity and suitability with the geometry of experimental sites [2,6,7].…”

“…The effect of SFM on increasing efficiency of optical pumping of the Sodium atoms is studied in this paper based on their application on LGS [1,2]. The high population of the pumped magnetic sublevels enhances amplitude and bandwidth and provides precise measurement [3,4]. Following changes in absorption frequency of the pumped atoms remove the normal light pressure curve which otherwise is present.…”

Absolute hyperfine energy levels and isotope shift of Rb 5S–6S two-photon transition

“…There have been several measurements of the 6S state of Rb, or inclusions in compilations [13][14][15][16][17]. The current best value for the absolute energy of the Rb 6S level apparently ultimately comes from the Johansson paper [14] of 1961, which finds the level at 20 132.51(1) cm −1 , measured with a hollow cathode discharge and grating spectrometer.…”