Precise Vapor-Phase Synthesis of Two-Dimensional Atomic Single Crystals

Zhao, Shasha; Wang, Luyang; Fu, Lei

doi:10.1016/j.isci.2019.09.038

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…[ 93,94 ] Single‐crystal 2DMOs of high quality are able to avoid these issues and of great value for the future research and practical applications in optical, electronic devices, and so on. [ 95 ] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a strategy to prepare high‐quality 2DMOs single crystals. However, polycrystalline metal substrates often contain abundant defects and grain boundaries on their surfaces, which can act as excess active nucleation sites; thus, polycrystalline crystals are always preferentially formed on polycrystalline metal substrates.…”

Section: Fabrication Strategies Of 2d Metal Oxides Via Liquid Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid Metals: A Novel Possibility of Fabricating 2D Metal Oxides

Zhao

Zhang

2021

Advanced Materials

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2D metal oxides (2DMOs) have been widely applied in the fields of electronic, magnetic, optical, and catalytic materials, owing to their rich surface chemistry and unique electronic structures. However, their further development faces challenges such as the difficulty in fabricating 2DMOs with unstable surface induced by strong surface polarizability, or the high cost and limited yield of the fabrication process. Recently, liquid metals have shown great potential in the fabrication of 2DMOs. The native oxide skin formed on the surface of liquid metals can be considered as a perfect 2D planar material. Due to the solubility, fluidity, and reactivity of liquid metals, they can act as the solvent, reactant, and interface in the fabrication of 2DMOs. Moreover, liquid metals undergo a liquid–solid phase transition, enabling them to be a symmetric matched substrate for growing high‐quality 2DMOs. An insightful survey of the recent progress in this research direction is presented. The features of liquid metals including good solubility, chemical reactivity, weak interface force, and liquid–solid phase transitions are introduced in detail. Furthermore, strategies for the fabrication of 2DMOs by virtue of these features are summarized comprehensively. Finally, current challenges and prospects regarding the future development in the fabrication of 2DMOs via liquid metals are highlighted.

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Section: Fabrication Strategies Of 2d Metal Oxides Via Liquid Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid Metals: A Novel Possibility of Fabricating 2D Metal Oxides

Zhao

Zhang

2021

Advanced Materials

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“…Among the aforementioned vapor-phase deposition synthesis methods, CVD has been continuously developed and recognized as one of the most reliable and powerful techniques for producing a large number of ultrathin 2D nanomaterials ( Zhao et al., 2019 ; Tong et al., 2019 ). In general, the CVD method to grow the 2D nanomaterials involves three essential steps, which include evaporation and thermal decomposition of precursors, transport and migration of reactants, as well as the nucleation and growth of crystals on the substrate.…”

Section: Fabrication Methods Of 2d Metal Oxidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in the fabrication of 2D metal oxides

et al. 2022

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Summary Atomically thin two-dimensional (2D) metal oxides exhibit unique optical, electrical, magnetic, and chemical properties, rendering them a bright application prospect in high-performance smart devices. Given the large variety of both layered and non-layered 2D metal oxides, the controllable synthesis is the critical prerequisite for enabling the exploration of their great potentials. In this review, recent progress in the synthesis of 2D metal oxides is summarized and categorized. Particularly, a brief overview of categories and crystal structures of 2D metal oxides is firstly introduced, followed by a critical discussion of various synthesis methods regarding the growth mechanisms, advantages, and limitations. Finally, the existing challenges are presented to provide possible future research directions regarding the synthesis of 2D metal oxides. This work can provide useful guidance on developing innovative approaches for producing both 2D layered and non-layered nanostructures and assist with the acceleration of the research of 2D metal oxides.

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“…[194] Moreover, introducing a small amount of oxygen into the CVD chamber was proposed to suppress the nucleation density by etching away the unstable nuclei. [116,195,196] The escence of all these strategies is to lower the nucleation density.…”

Section: Grains and Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Wafer‐Scale Production of 2D Transition Metal Chalcogenides

Wang

Yang

2021

Adv Elect Materials

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When the timeline reached 2004, graphene, the single layer of graphite, was discovered through a scotch-tape exfoliation method and was found to have ultrahigh mobility. [25][26][27] Various 2D materials such as transition metal chalcogenides (TMCs), [28][29][30] boron nitrides (BNs), [31,32] black phosphorus, [33,34] and some new materials including Si, [35] Te, [36] and black arsenic-phosphorus [37] were subsequently synthesized, enabling the fabrication of numerous novel devices. The field of 2D materials is now making strong voice, which is no longer ignored by the scientific and technological community. [38][39][40] Among the various 2D materials, the TMCs constituted by the transition metal elements (M) and the chalcogen elements (X) are a large family. M can range from group 4B to group 10 in the periodic table, while X is S, Se, or Te. [41][42][43][44][45][46][47] Figure 1a exhibits the binary TMCs that have already been explored. This variation of composition of elements transfers to a wide range of properties ranging from insulators (e.g., HfS 2 ), [48,49] semiconductors (e.g., MoS 2 , WS 2 ), [50,51] semimetals (e.g., MoTe 2 , TiSe 2 ), [52,53] to metals (e.g., NbSe 2 , VS 2 ). [54][55][56] Furthermore, TMCs can form alloys in the formula such as WSe 2−x S x , with composition-tunable properties. [57][58][59] Unlike semimetallic graphene, semiconducting TMCs usually possess a bandgap. For example, MoS 2 exhibits a bandgap, transitioning from indirect bandgap to direct bandgap when it thins from bulk phase to monolayer (Figure 1b), boosting the photoluminescence (PL) efficiency. [51,[60][61][62] Additionally, inversion symmetry breaking and large spin-orbit interaction, resulting in two energetic degenerate but inequivalent valleys in the band structure of a TMC (Figure 1c), may lead to breakthroughs in valleytronics and spintronics. [63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70] A few TMCs (e.g., NbSe 2 , TaS 2 , VSe 2 ) have shown superconductivity, [71,72] charge density wave [73,74] and Mott transition (transition from metal to nonmetal). [75,76] In addition, some novel TMCs such as Fe 3 GeTe 2 display intrinsic magnetism with gate-tunable Curie points. [66,77] Semimetallic TMCs like WTe 2 show topological structures in the energy band, enabling the study on topological physics. [78,79] The rich intrinsic properties and superior tunability of TMCs hold great promise for all kinds of technologically important applications in electronics, optoelectronics, spintronics, valleytronics, etc. (Figure 1d). [51,[80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91] Due to numerous unique properties of 2D TMCs, devices such as transistors, photodetectors (PDs), and photodiodes based on 2D TMCs have been actively pursued. The ultimate destination of the miniaturization of the electronic devices will 2D transition metal chalcogenides (TMCs) have attracted tremendous interest from both the scientific and technological communities due to their variety of properties and superior tunability through layer number, composition, and inter...

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Precise Vapor-Phase Synthesis of Two-Dimensional Atomic Single Crystals

Cited by 12 publications

References 109 publications

Liquid Metals: A Novel Possibility of Fabricating 2D Metal Oxides

Liquid Metals: A Novel Possibility of Fabricating 2D Metal Oxides

Recent advances in the fabrication of 2D metal oxides

Toward Wafer‐Scale Production of 2D Transition Metal Chalcogenides

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