Precise Measurement of Dark Bridge between Micro-gap Electrical Contacts in a State of Thermal Equilibrium Condition

Ishida, Hideyuki; Taniguchi, Masanari; Takagi, Tasuku

doi:10.1109/imtc.2005.1604358

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Electrical contacts are indispensable for every electrical system of which degradation due to contact failure is common. The degradation can be simulated by very accurate electrodes separation system using cantilever [1]. Separation gap was less than 1µm step by step with a sufficient time so that the contact spot temperature reaches the thermal equilibrium condition [2], and we got the gap from several to more than ten micrometers but still current continues to flow through bridge (named dark bridge [1]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The degradation can be simulated by very accurate electrodes separation system using cantilever [1]. Separation gap was less than 1µm step by step with a sufficient time so that the contact spot temperature reaches the thermal equilibrium condition [2], and we got the gap from several to more than ten micrometers but still current continues to flow through bridge (named dark bridge [1]). In the practical situation, the thermal stress can deform the contact spot [3] and the non-luminous bridge (dark bridge) may be produced to maintain the current flow.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Nonlinear and Negative Resistance in Loose Electrical Contacts Dark Bridge

Kubota¹

2013

AJPA

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The dark bridge in loose electrical contacts was investigated, which grew up when the contact gap was increased a little with micron by micron. The dark bridge was watched by microscopic camera along with measurement of voltage-current (V-I) relationship. At very small gap (less than 19µm for iron (Fe) contacts but different from materials), the V-I characteristics were linear, which is normal, but more than the 20~30µm, the non-linear relationship appeared and finally the negative resistance was observed. Experimental growth of dark bridge was shown in case of Pd. The nonlinear and negative resistance phenomena were tested for Fe. The resistance was analyzed and showed that it goes to negative one after crossing zero from positive region.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Nonlinear and Negative Resistance in Loose Electrical Contacts Dark Bridge

Kubota¹

2013

AJPA

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“…Sasamoto continued Kubono's research and developed the design theory of contacts for reed switches which can achieve the material transfer-equilibrium condition, and he actually applied to practical reed switches and succeeded [4]. Ishida et al [5]- [7] developed a contact separation device and used it to find the phenomena that showed the convex bridge-voltage waveforms appeared cyclically in Ag contacts, respectively, in Pd and they had also used the device to observe molten metal bridge phenomena at transient and steady states.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical, Electrical, and Thermal Coupled-Field Simulation of a Molten Metal Bridge During Contact Separation

Tan

Guan

Guo

et al. 2013

IEEE Trans. Compon., Packag. Manufact. Technol.

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The purpose of this paper is to present a numerical simulation of the behavior of a molten metal bridge during contact separation. Sequential coupling allows for studying the interactions between mechanical, electrical, and thermal phenomena occurring under a low current flow (between 5 and 25 A). The 2-D axisymmetric geometry model considers a sphere pressed on a plane. The model takes into account the temperature dependence of material properties. Contact resistance, separation acceleration, and current rate are obtained by experiments and are also applied to the model. The structural deformations and the voltage and temperature distributions are calculated with the help of the finite element method. Results show that the time is less than 30 µs from the separation of contact to the generation of a molten metal bridge under current loads of 5-25 A; the index change relation is shown between temperature of central node and separation time; the current density has a nonuniform distribution along the section of a molten metal bridge; whatever be the initial loads, melting and vaporizing voltages of a molten metal bridge are, respectively, 0.38 and 0.66 V, which are basically consistent with the literature. Index Terms-AgNi10, contact separation, electrical contact, finite element method (FEM), molten metal bridge.

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Noise properties in breaking and loose contacts and their effect on quality degradation of digital signal

Takagi

2007

J. Zhejiang Univ. - Sci. A

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Precise Measurement of Dark Bridge between Micro-gap Electrical Contacts in a State of Thermal Equilibrium Condition

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Nonlinear and Negative Resistance in Loose Electrical Contacts Dark Bridge

Nonlinear and Negative Resistance in Loose Electrical Contacts Dark Bridge

Mechanical, Electrical, and Thermal Coupled-Field Simulation of a Molten Metal Bridge During Contact Separation

Noise properties in breaking and loose contacts and their effect on quality degradation of digital signal

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