Precipitation printing towards diverse materials, mechanical tailoring and functional devices

Tu, Ruowen; Sprague, Ethan; Sodano, Henry A.

doi:10.1016/j.addma.2020.101358

Cited by 10 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…This low relative permittivity is attributed to the low density of the precipitation-printed PVDF (0.646 ± 0.012 g cm −3 ), which has 64% porosity compared with fully dense PVDF (Figure S7a). 41 Despite hot pressing, which reduced the porosity of the printed PVDF to 7% (1.66 ± 0.01 g cm −3 density compared to that of fully dense PVDF, which is 1.78 g cm −3 and the scanning electron microscopy image is shown in Figure S7b), 18 the relative permittivity of the hot-pressed PVDF samples is measured to be 5.20 at 1 kHz frequency, which is 57% of that of the solvent-cast film. This result indicates that voids present in printed PVDF are only compressed to smaller volumes by hot pressing, as the influence of voids on PVDF permittivity cannot be eliminated completely.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nonetheless, the average d 33 coefficient of printed and 75 MV m −1 -poled samples remains relatively low compared to that of fully dense PVDF sheets because the precipitation-printed PVDF only has a density of 0.646 g cm −3 (64% porosity). 41 Therefore, printed then hotpressed PVDF specimens were also tested to evaluate the influence of porosity on the piezoelectric effect. The d 33 coefficient of printed then hot-pressed PVDF after 75 MV m −1 electric field poling is improved up to −6.42 ± 0.78 pC N −1 , a 550% increase relative to directly printed PVDF and poled under the same conditions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…38,39 Precipitation printing, a recently developed additive manufacturing technique which is based on the mechanism of rapid precipitation of a polymer out of a solution when exposed to a nonsolvent, utilizes a robotic gantry system with polymer solution dispensing into a nonsolvent reservoir to create 3D structures (Figure 1). 40,41 This technique provides a novel approach to 3D print piezoelectric PVDF at room temperature, thus avoiding diminishment of the β phase at high temperatures because of its low thermal stability above 160 °C. 42 Moreover, the printed structure is no longer limited to a thin film geometry, as a layer-by-layer deposition process can be implemented to fabricate larger three-dimensional devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Precipitation-Printed High-β Phase Poly(vinylidene fluoride) for Energy Harvesting

Sprague

Sodano

2020

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) possesses outstanding piezoelectric properties, which allows it to be utilized as a functional material. Being a semicrystalline polymer, enhancing the piezoelectric properties of PVDF through the promotion of the polar β phase is a key research focus. In this research, precipitation printing is demonstrated as a scalable and tailorable approach to additively manufacture complex and bulk 3D piezoelectric energy harvesters with high-β phase PVDF. The β-phase fraction of PVDF is improved to 60% through precipitation printing, yielding more than 200% improvement relative to solvent-cast PVDF films. Once the precipitation-printed PVDF is hot-pressed to reduce internal porosity, a significant ferroelectric response with a coercive field of 98 MV m–1 and a maximum remnant polarization of 3.2 μC cm–2 is observed. Moreover, the piezoelectric d 33 and d 31 coefficients of printed then hot-pressed PVDF are measured to be −6.42 and 1.95 pC N–1, respectively. For energy-harvesting applications, a stretching d 31-mode energy harvester is demonstrated to produce a power density of up to 717 μW cm–3, while a printed full-scale heel insole with embedded d 33-mode energy harvesting is capable of successfully storing 32.2 μJ into a capacitor when used for 3 min. Therefore, precipitation printing provides a new method for producing high-β phase PVDF and bulk piezoelectric energy harvesters with the advantages of achieving geometry complexity, fabrication simplicity, and low cost.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Precipitation-Printed High-β Phase Poly(vinylidene fluoride) for Energy Harvesting

Sprague

Sodano

2020

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…Here, the solvent acts as a porogen through polymer precipitation-based 3D printing. This technique uses the difference in polymer solubility between two mutually miscible solvents to inject a solvent dissolved polymer into a vat of a non-solvent to evoke rapid polymer solidification in situ [ 113 ]. By varying the solvent/polymer ratio within this immersion precipitation 3D printing (ip3DP) , tunable porous structures can be created from a range of dissolvable polymers[ 114 ].…”

Section: Extrusion-based 3d Printingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Considerations Using Additive Manufacture of Emulsion Inks to Produce Respiratory Protective Filters Against Viral Respiratory Tract Infections Such as the COVID-19 Virus

Sherborne¹,

Claeyssens²

2024

IJB

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This review paper explores the potential of combining emulsion-based inks with additive manufacturing (AM) to produce filters for respiratory protective equipment (RPE) in the fight against viral and bacterial infections of the respiratory tract. The value of these filters has been highlighted by the current severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 crisis where the importance of protective equipment for health care workers cannot be overstated. Three-dimensional (3D) printing of emulsions is an emerging technology built on a well-established field of emulsion templating to produce porous materials such as polymerized high internal phase emulsions (polyHIPEs). PolyHIPE-based porous polymers have tailorable porosity from the submicron to 100 s of μm. Advances in 3D printing technology enables the control of the bulk shape while a micron porosity is controlled independently by the emulsion-based ink. Herein, we present an overview of the current polyHIPE-based filter applications. Then, we discuss the current use of emulsion templating combined with stereolithography and extrusion-based AM technologies. The benefits and limitation of various AM techniques are discussed, as well as considerations for a scalable manufacture of a polyHIPE-based RPE.

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“…The extruder is placed on a three-dimensional CNC table that moves in the x, y and z directions and places the molten polymer inside the extruder on the part [31,32]. After nishing one layer, the extruder moves upwards as thick as one layer [33][34][35][36][37]. It is important to note that many parameters affect the quality and nal properties of a sample printed with FDM [38][39][40][41][42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of different parameters on the tensile properties of printed Polylactic acid samples by FDM: experimental design tested with MDs simulation

Farazin

Mohammadimehr

2021

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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Fused Depositional Modeling (FDM) is one of the common methods for 3D printing of polymers, which is expanding in various industrial applications, scienti c researches, and engineering applications due to its ability to make complex parts. In this research, molecular dynamics (MDs) simulation has been used to predict the physical and mechanical properties. Then, the mechanical properties of the printed parts are obtained. The mechanical properties of 3D printed parts strongly depend on the correct selection of processing parameters. In this study, the effect of three important parameters such as in ll density, printing speed, and layer thickness are investigated on the tensile properties of PLA specimens. For this purpose, standard specimens with four in ll densities of 20%, 40%, 60% and 80%, two speeds of 20 mm/s, and 40 mm/s, and two thicknesses of 0.1 mm and 0.2 mm are printed and tested under quasistatic tensile test. In all printed specimens, the print angle is ± 45°. The experimental results show that the in ll density in comparison to the other two parameters has signi cant effect on mechanical properties such as modulus of elasticity, ultimate strength, and failure strain. According to these results, by increasing the in ll density, the stiffness and strength of the specimens increases considerably. At in ll density of 80%, the specimens has the highest stiffness and strength, but it exhibits a brittle behavior. Moreover, it can be deduced that by reducing the layer thickness although the modulus of elasticity increases a little, ductility is greatly affected.

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Precipitation printing towards diverse materials, mechanical tailoring and functional devices

Cited by 10 publications

References 32 publications

Precipitation-Printed High-β Phase Poly(vinylidene fluoride) for Energy Harvesting

Precipitation-Printed High-β Phase Poly(vinylidene fluoride) for Energy Harvesting

Considerations Using Additive Manufacture of Emulsion Inks to Produce Respiratory Protective Filters Against Viral Respiratory Tract Infections Such as the COVID-19 Virus

Effect of different parameters on the tensile properties of printed Polylactic acid samples by FDM: experimental design tested with MDs simulation

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