Pre-receptorial regulation of steroid hormones in bone cells: Insights on glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis

Pierotti, Silvia; Gandini, L.; Lenzi, Andrea; Isidori, Andrea M.

doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2007.09.018

Cited by 27 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…The worsening of BMD and the deleterious effects of cortisol on bone turnover are well described in patients with Cushing's syndrome (48) who have increased bone resorption rate, reduced osteoblastic activity, and increased osteoblast and osteocyte apoptosis (49,50). Whether the same mechanisms are involved in patients with SCS is still unclear as previous studies reported worsening in BMD and spinal deformity index and increased risk of vertebral fractures (51,52), while others did not confirm these findings (53).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progressively increased patterns of subclinical cortisol hypersecretion in adrenal incidentalomas differently predict major metabolic and cardiovascular outcomes: a large cross-sectional study

Dalmazi

Vicennati

Rinaldi

et al. 2012

European Journal of Endocrinology

164

111

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Background: Subclinical Cushing's syndrome (SCS) is defined as alterations in hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal axis without classic signs/symptoms of glucocorticoid excess. Whether SCS leads to metabolic and cardiovascular diseases is still controversial. Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of hypertension, type 2 diabetes (T2D), coronary heart disease (CHD), ischemic stroke, osteoporosis, and fractures, and their relationship to increasing patterns of subclinical hypercortisolism, in patients with nonsecreting adrenal adenomas (NSA) and SCS. Methods: Using the 1 mg dexamethasone suppression test (DST), 348 patients were classified as follows: 203 were defined as NSA and 19 SCS, using the most stringent cutoff values (!50 and O138 nmol/l respectively). Patients with cortisol post-DST (50-138 nmol/l) were considered as intermediate phenotypes and classified as minor (nZ71) and major (nZ55) using plasma ACTH and/or urinary free cortisol as additional diagnostic tools. Results: SCS patients showed higher prevalence of T2D, CHD, osteoporosis, and fractures with respect to NSA. Intermediate phenotypes also showed higher prevalence of CHD and T2D with respect to NSA. The prevalence of all clinical outcomes was not different between intermediate phenotype patients, which were therefore considered as a single group (IP) for multivariate logistic regression analysis: both IP and SCS-secreting patterns showed a significant association with CHD (odds ratio (OR), 4.09; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.47-11.38 and OR, 6.10; 95% CI, 1.41-26.49 respectively), independently of other potential risk factors. SCS was also independently associated with osteoporosis (OR, 5.94; 95% CI, 1.79-19.68). Conclusions: Patterns of increasing subclinical hypercortisolism in adrenal adenomas are associated with increased prevalence of adverse metabolic and cardiovascular outcomes, independently of other potential risk factors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progressively increased patterns of subclinical cortisol hypersecretion in adrenal incidentalomas differently predict major metabolic and cardiovascular outcomes: a large cross-sectional study

Dalmazi

Vicennati

Rinaldi

et al. 2012

European Journal of Endocrinology

164

111

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“…By converting intrinsically inert glucocorticoids (cortisone, 11-dehydrocorticosterone) into their active forms (cortisol, corticosterone), HSD11B1 increases glucocorticoid access to receptors. Alterations of HSD11B1 expression and activity have been implicated in the pathomechanism of hypertension, type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, metabolic syndrome, obesity, age-related cognitive dysfunction, osteoporosis, arthritis, and many other human diseases (Stimson & Walker 2007, Pierotti et al 2008). …”

Section: Prereceptorial Glucocorticoid Activation In Health and Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase: linking endocrinology and metabolism in the endoplasmic reticulum

Bánhegyi¹,

Csala²,

Benedetti³

2008

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology

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Hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (H6PD) got into the focus of interest due to its role in the prereceptorial activation of glucocorticoids, which has been implicated in the pathomechanism of metabolic syndrome. Genetic observations, results gained in H6PD knockout mice, and studies on differentiating adipocytes demonstrated the importance of the enzyme in metabolic regulation. A nutrient-sensing function can be postulated for the enzyme, which links metabolism to endocrinology in the endoplasmic reticulum. This review provides an overview of the recent developments concerning the enzyme and its impact on various branches of the intermediary metabolism, which make it an important subject for the research on obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome.

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“…Studies have shown that human dental follicle derived cells differentiate into osteoblasts like cells when induced by Dex [19,20]. Glucocorticosteroid, however have deleterious effects on bone in vivo, resulting in glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis [21]. There are some studies where 1␣,25(OH) 2 D 3 in addition to OS has been used for osteogenic differentiation of MSCs [22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D3 metabolites induce osteogenic differentiation in human dental pulp and human dental follicle cells

Khanna-Jain

Vuorinen

Sándor

et al. 2010

The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

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Pre-receptorial regulation of steroid hormones in bone cells: Insights on glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis

Cited by 27 publications

References 64 publications

Progressively increased patterns of subclinical cortisol hypersecretion in adrenal incidentalomas differently predict major metabolic and cardiovascular outcomes: a large cross-sectional study

Progressively increased patterns of subclinical cortisol hypersecretion in adrenal incidentalomas differently predict major metabolic and cardiovascular outcomes: a large cross-sectional study

Hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase: linking endocrinology and metabolism in the endoplasmic reticulum

Vitamin D3 metabolites induce osteogenic differentiation in human dental pulp and human dental follicle cells

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