The effect of electron irradiation on the microyield stress was investigated in ZrH2 purified Battelle‐AISI iron single crystals at 4.2, 30, and 60 °K. The irradiation caused a hardening effect which increased with the electron dose. This hardening effect in the microyielding is opposite to the softening effect in the macroyielding as observed earlier in the same specimen materials. These observations can be satisfactorily explained by the interaction of the irradiation‐induced interstitials with edge and screw dislocations, respectively. The present observation is also regarded as strong evidence supporting the theory of an intrinsic mechanism for the low temperature strength and the solid solution softening in iron.