Pre-breeding of lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) for herbicide resistance through seed mutagenesis

Abstract

Lentil is a poor competitor of weeds and its sensitivity to herbicides is a major hurdle for large scale production. The present study was conducted to select herbicide resistant lentil genotypes through seed mutagenesis. Seeds of three advanced lentil genotypes (LPP 11001, LPP 11100 and LPP 11116) were treated with two different concentrations of ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS; 0.1 and 0.2%), hydrazine hydrate (HH; 0.02 and 0.03%) and sodium azide (SA; 0.01 and 0.02%) to develop M1 seed. The M2 was screened against two herbicides including Ally Max 28.6% SG (X = 34.58 g/ha and 1.5X = 51.87 g/ha) and Atlantis 3.6% WG (X = 395.2 g/ha and 1.5X = 592.8 g/ha) using the following three screening methods: post plant emergence (PPE), pre-plant incorporation (PPI) and seed priming (SP). Data were recorded on survival index and survival percentage from each experimental unit of every population. Plants in all populations were categorized following their reaction to herbicides. The newly developed populations showed greater variation for herbicide resistance when compared to their progenitors. Phenotypic traits were significantly reduced in all the screening environments. Overall, 671 herbicide resistant mutants were selected from all testing environments. The seeds from selected plants were re-mutagenized at 150 Gy of gamma radiation and evaluated against higher dose of herbicides. This allowed selection of 134 herbicide resistant mutants. The selected mutants are useful germplasm for herbicide resistance breeding of lentil.

Assessment on induced genetic variability and divergence in the mutagenized lentil populations of microsperma and macrosperma cultivars developed using physical and chemical mutagenesis

“…Rizwan et al . [ 32 ] and many other pieces of literature are available on the induction mutation in lentil cultivars using different mutagenic agents to generate genetically divergent populations within the individual parental populations for selection of desirable mutants based on the breeding objective. The result of the quantitative data analysis showed that macrosperma cultivar DPL 62 responded desirably for most of the agro-morphological traits towards the initial two single treatments, whereas microsperma cultivar Pant L 406 responded similarly towards the medium two single treatments of gamma rays and HZ, while sensitivity towards combination treatments was found to be in comparable trend.…”

İleri Generasyon Mercimek Mutant Genotiplerinin İmazamoks Herbisitine Toleranslarının Belirlenmesi

“…Herbicide tolerant mutant plants have been discovered in many crops like lentil (Sharma, 2017), wheat (Newhouse, 1992) and maize (Anderson, 1989;Newhouse, 1992). In particular, many studies have found that in many crops, the mutations were efficient in the creation of genotypes tolerant to herbicide (Tan et al, 2005;Rizwan et al, 2017;Ndungu, 2009;Malkawi, 2003;Sharma et al, 2018;Chant 2004;Bernasconi et al, 1995;Beckie at al., 2006).…”

“…Among chemical mutagens, ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) is the most popular method for obtained an effective method (Rizwan et al, 2017;Tan et al, 2005). EMS generally causes little nucleotide changes or small point mutations within the genome, as compared to other chemical and physical mutagens that cause huge changes such as the disappearance of the large part of the genome that causes significant changes and can also destroy the characteristics of the cultivar (Weil and Monde, 2007).…”

“…Yield losses in lentil range between 20% and 80% because lentil is a poor weed competitor (Al Thahabi et al, 1994;Saxena and Wassimi 1980;Boerboom and Young, 1995;Brand et al, 2007). Many broadleaf species and annual grasses are in competition with lentils for water, nutrients, and sunlight, which affects lentil production and the quality of grain while also allowing diseases and other pests to thrive (Rizwan, 2015). Losses due to weed competition in the lentil yield are dependent on the level of weed infestation, and the types of weed species which are prevalent (Al-Thahabi et al, 1994;Yenish et al, 2009;Saxena and Wassimi 1980;Hattori, 1995).…”

Challenges and prospects for weed management in Pakistan: A review

“…Herbicide (glyphosate) tolerant crops have not yet been introduced for general cultivation in Pakistan. However, research efforts are underway to develop herbicide tolerant sugarcane (Nasir et al, 2014), cotton (Latif et al, 2015) and lentil (Rizwan et al, 2017). Worldwide, crop-related weed species is an issue in introducing herbicide-tolerant crops, for example, weedy rice (O. sativa f. spontanea) in DSR, jointed goatgrass (Aegilops A. cylindrica) and quack grass [Eltrygia repens (L.) Gould] in wheat, cruciferous weeds in rapeseed, wild sunflower in sunflower crop, johnson grass [Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.]…”