Pratiques d'élevage en Castagniccia. Exploration d'un milieu naturel et social en Corse

Abstract

Les auteurs, agronomes, ont analysé les pratiques d'élevage des éleveurs de Castagniccia (Corse) : soins, surveillance des animaux, utilisation du territoire, des bâtiments... Les éleveurs choisissent entre elles pour former un système cohérent de Pratiques qui caractérise leur système d'élevage. Six systèmes de Pratiques ont été inventoriés. Parmi eux, certains dits de cueillette utilisent très extensivement un couvert végétal ligneux et semi- ligneux. Révélatrices d'un fonctionnement économique particulier et de la situation sociale de l'éleveur, ces Pratiques sont-elles des résidus de systèmes d'élevages passés ou au contraire des innovations élaborées par les éleveurs eux-mêmes pour s'adapter au vide laissé par le départ de l'essentiel de la population active de la région ? Le devenir de l'agriculture de la Castagniccia se trouve en partie dans la réponse à cette question.

Development of a broadened cognitive mapping approach for analysing systems of practices in social–ecological systems

“…The diversity of systems of practices has been successfully investigated using qualitative anthropological studies (Cristofini et al, 1978;Darré et al, 2004;Mathieu, 2004;Vayssieres et al, 2007;Farmar-Bowers and Lane, 2009;Madelrieux et al, 2009). These techniques have led to relevant results, but have been constrained by the time required for field work (immersion, Vayssieres et al, 2007) or for the analysis of raw data (Darré et al, 2004;Mathieu, 2004).…”

“…These techniques have led to relevant results, but have been constrained by the time required for field work (immersion, Vayssieres et al, 2007) or for the analysis of raw data (Darré et al, 2004;Mathieu, 2004). As a result, the number of surveyed or involved farms has been limited (n = 31, (Cristofini et al, 1978); n = 5, (Mathieu, 2004); n = 33, (Farmar-Bowers and Lane, 2009); n = 10, (Madelrieux et al, 2009); n = 6, (Vayssieres et al, 2011)). CMASOP, based on FCM approaches, has the advantage of being less time consuming (Özesmi and Özesmi, 2004).…”

“…In an organizational context, a 'system of practices' was later defined as the actions shaped by normative structures (Levitt, 1998) or as the complex network of structures, tasks and traditions that create and facilitate practice (Halverson, 2003). In our study, the definition of 'systems of practices' provided by Cristofini et al (1978) was broadened thus: a farmers' system of practices is (i) a particular combination of elementary practices, (ii) factors influencing practices, (iii) elements affected by these practices and (iv) the way in which all of them are linked to each other.…”

“…The objective of our study was to develop a socio-technical modelling tool to inductively identify and model farmers' systems of practices. Cristofini et al (1978) were the first to use the term 'system of practices', referring to 'a consistent combination of practices' (Gras et al, 1989). In an organizational context, a 'system of practices' was later defined as the actions shaped by normative structures (Levitt, 1998) or as the complex network of structures, tasks and traditions that create and facilitate practice (Halverson, 2003).…”

Categorising combinations of farmers' land use practices: an approach based on examples of sheep farms in the south of France

“…[18] or [68]) mainly concern the structural elements of the farm, the main production orientations and their technical/economic results. In categorising combinations of practices in this manner, we were close to the original approach developed by Cristofini et al [20] who use the "system of practices" concept, while we focus the types on strategic elements. We are assuming that this approach will guarantee that the diagnosis and the advice given to the farm operator are more relevant, in particular in planning the future, as was emphasised by Landais [44].…”