Practices and Outcome of Artificial Cardiac Pacing in 154 Dogs

Oyama, Mark A.; Sisson, D. David; Lehmkuhl, Linda B.

doi:10.1892/0891-6640(2001)015<0229:aooacp>2.3.co;2

Cited by 28 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Since the first reported pacemaker implantation in a dog in 1968,1 artificial pacing has become the standard of care for treatment of certain bradyarrhythmias in dogs, with many referral institutions performing dozens of these procedures annually 2. Transvenous pacemaker implantation, performed using a jugular venotomy with the pacing lead placed into the right ventricle under fluoroscopic guidance, generally is considered the preferred method of pacemaker placement in dogs 3, 4, 5…”

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“…The most common indication for permanent artificial pacemaker (PAP) implantation in dogs is high‐grade atrioventricular block (HG‐AVB) 2, 3, 4. This diagnosis encompasses both high‐grade second degree (3 : 1 conduction or less) and third degree (complete) AVB.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Several large‐scale retrospective studies2, 3, 4, 5, 7 have reviewed the outcomes and complication rates associated with PAP placement in dogs. Rates of major complications ranged from 55 to 71% in the 1980s8, 9 but have decreased to 13–33% in the 2000s 2, 3, 4, 7.…”

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“…Rates of major complications ranged from 55 to 71% in the 1980s8, 9 but have decreased to 13–33% in the 2000s 2, 3, 4, 7. Higher complication rates have been reported in dogs with pre‐existing structural heart disease,4 postoperative infections,10 previously used pulse generators,4 and inexperienced operators 2. In comparison, large‐scale retrospective studies in humans report major complication rates of 2.3–11.2%,11, 12, 13, 14 with higher rates associated with dual‐chamber pacemakers,12, 13 untined versus tined leads,14 pre‐existing structural heart disease,13, 15 and inexperienced operators 13…”

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Complication Rates Associated with Transvenous Pacemaker Implantation in Dogs with High‐Grade Atrioventricular Block Performed During versus After Normal Business Hours

Ward

DeFrancesco

Tou

et al. 2015

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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BackgroundTransvenous pacemaker implantation in dogs is associated with a relatively high complication rate. At our institution, pacemaker implantation in dogs with high‐grade atrioventricular block (HG‐AVB) frequently is performed as an after‐hours emergency.HypothesisAmong dogs with HG‐AVB, the rate of major complications is higher when pacemakers are implanted after hours (AH) compared to during business hours (BH).AnimalsClient‐owned dogs with HG‐AVB that underwent transvenous pacemaker implantation between January 2002 and December 2012 at the North Carolina State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital.MethodsRetrospective medical record review. Two‐year follow‐up was required for complications analysis.ResultsMajor complications occurred in 14/79 dogs (18%) and included lead dislodgement, lead or generator infection, lead or generator migration, and pacing failure. Incidence of major complications was significantly higher AH (10/36, 28%) compared to BH (4/43, 9%; P = .041), and all infectious complications occurred AH. Median survival time for all dogs was 27 months and did not differ between AH and BH groups for either all‐cause (P = .70) or cardiac (P = .40) mortality. AH dogs were younger than BH dogs (P = .010), but there were no other clinically relevant differences between BH and AH groups in terms of demographic, clinical, or procedural variables.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceAt our institution, AH transvenous pacemaker placement is associated with a higher rate of major complications (especially infections) compared to BH placement. This difference may be because of a variety of human factor differences AH versus BH.

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