Practice Effects on Reaction Time for Peripheral and Central Visual Fields

Andò, Sebastiano; Kida, Noriyuki; Oda, Shingo

doi:10.2466/pms.2002.95.3.747

Cited by 51 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…(7) One plausible mechanism for this decrease in reaction time is that an increased heart rate due to moderate exercise increases cortical blood flow and enhances cognitive function due to a greater state of arousal. (15) Another study reported an improvement in reaction times irrespective of age and gender when subjects regularly exercised for 30 minutes in gymnasium. (3) Exercise training increases mitochondrial content of exercising muscles delaying fatigue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise and Reaction Times

Malhotra¹,

Goel²,

Ushadhar³

et al. 2015

jemds

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OBJECTIVES:Physical exercise provides multiple benefits to an individual. It is known that exercising regularly can prevent coronary heart disease, hypertension and obesity and improve flexibility. The effect of exercise on visual reaction time needs to be studied, as the existing data on the benefit of aerobic exercise on psychomotor functions is insufficient. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Online Visual reaction time is measured before and after exercise. Subjects were instructed to run on the spot with a springy step in exaggerated motion for 50 to 60 counts at 2 counts per second, maintaining a constant rhythm. RESULTS: We observed that reaction time was significantly lower after performance of exercise. Individuals reported improved mental alertness, feel good factor, better mood and increase circulation. CONCLUSION: Improving reaction times in sports can help the athlete to optimize his performance in making decisions and increasing attention span for example getting off the starting blocks sooner or successfully making contact with the ball. In addition this study shows that use of physical exercise helps improve cognitive function. Exercise proves to be a cheap non pharmacological alternative to improve cognitive performance. KEYWORDS: Exercise, Visual Reaction Time. INTRODUCTION:Reaction speed is the ability to quick motor response to definite stimulus, while the time that elapses between the sensory stimulation and the motor reaction time is called reaction time.(1) This is the time that elapses between a stimulus and response. This process consists of sensory and perceptual process. After a stimulus is perceived by our receptors (In our eyes, and ears), identification and recognition in the central nervous system begin. If we recognize a certain stimulus to be significant for us, we respond, in the opposite case we ignore and do not respond. The speed of identifying the stimulus is an essential factor in this process. The last stage of the response to the stimulus is a motor reaction which involves clicking the computer mouse. (2) Today, a sedentary life style, lack of vigorous physical activity has lead to increase in incidence of cardiovascular diseases and psychological stress. It is known that exercising regularly can prevent coronary heart disease, hypertension, obesity and improve flexibility. (3) Act of exercising has been shown to enhance numerous aspects of mental functioning such as moods, self-esteem and general psychological well-being. (4) Several studies have shown that physical exercises improve and protect the brain function. This suggests that physically active individual have better cognitive function and are at lower risk to develop disorders of the mind as compared to those who have a sedentary life style. (5) The effect of exercise on visual reaction time needs to be studied, as the existing data on the benefit of aerobic exercise on psychomotor functions is insufficient. (6)(7)(8)(9)(10) Indian data on this subject is very limited. Hence, we designed this study to see the e...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise and Reaction Times

Malhotra¹,

Goel²,

Ushadhar³

et al. 2015

jemds

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“…As differences between RT values obtained in the center and periphery as well as nasal and horizontal parts of the visual field have been reported [31] , two RT vectors were presented in the central and another two in the peripheral seeing area of the visual field (one in the superotemporal quadrant and one along the nasal horizontal meridian).…”

Section: Visual Field Examinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability in Isopter Position and Fatigue during Semi-Automated Kinetic Perimetry

et al. 2011

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repeated examination was 656 square degrees (deg 2 ) in the glaucoma group, 104 deg 2 in the retinitis pigmentosa group and 227 deg 2 in the group of patients with postchiasmal lesions. Post-hoc regression analysis revealed that the variability of isopter position increased as the RT increased. Conclusion: The variability of III4e-isopter position and fatigue were most pronounced among glaucoma patients. RT is the most important factor influencing the variability of responses and fatigue during SKP, thus we propose that it can be used as a reliability indicator of SKP.

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“…The visual signals (vivid light) were slightly peripheral to the central visual field, in order to potentially speed up sensor motor reaction [38]. At the instant the light was switched on the electromagnetic arresters were simultaneously deactivated and the lever was able to move freely.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Measurement of RT was conducted under standard experimental conditions [8,31,[38][39][40] and others]. The study of the latent period of simple sensor motor reaction was performed using a specific instrument called a computer movement meter ("KMM") pro duced by the company INTOKS (St. Petersburg), Registration Certificate Number 29/03041202/5085 03 April 11, 2003.…”

Section: The Main Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between inertial features of the upper extremity and simple reaction time in boys and girls aged 17–18

Gutnik

Karganov

et al. 2014

Hum Physiol

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Abstract-The latent period of visual sensor motor reaction depends, in part, on the sensory and integrative processes in the brain, but is also influenced by the rate of the muscle contraction. There is no clear evidence in the literature whether the rotational inertia of segments of limbs has any direct effect on the reaction time. The aim of our study was to identify this relationship. The study involved 566 right handed students aged 16-17 of both genders beginning their post puberty period. Reaction time was measured during experimental adduction of the forearm and hand, using a special rotating handle and lever connected to a computer that recorded the reaction time (~1 ms). Calculations of the rotational inertia were carried out using regression models by Zatsiorsky and other authors. Each gender group was divided into three subgroups: with high, medium and low values of rotational inertia. It was found that individuals with high values of rotational inertia of forearm and wrist demonstrated signifi cantly longer reaction times. This pattern was apparent in both gender groups. Although males illustrated greater values of rotational inertia than females they demonstrated relatively shorter reaction times. This con tradiction can be explained by greater muscle power of young men. We recommend taking into account the amount of rotational inertia of the responsive segment in all kinds of research which require measurement of reaction time.

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Practice Effects on Reaction Time for Peripheral and Central Visual Fields

Cited by 51 publications

References 16 publications

Exercise and Reaction Times

Exercise and Reaction Times

Variability in Isopter Position and Fatigue during Semi-Automated Kinetic Perimetry

Relationship between inertial features of the upper extremity and simple reaction time in boys and girls aged 17–18

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