Practical Significance, Theory and Determination of Compatibility of Dyes on Synthetic‐polymer Fibres

Abstract

The compatibility of dyes is particularly important in regard to the time, reproducibility and levelness of dyeing. For basic dyes on acrylic fibres and anionic dyes on nylon, a characteristic of the dye—the compatibility value K— is valuable in determining whether it can be used in the same bath as others. Dyes having the same K‐value are compatible under most dyeing conditions. For disperse dyes, K‐values do not exist. In selecting such dyes for use together, other properties of the dyes and the concentrations to be used in the particular combination must be considered.

Migrating Cationic Dyes for Acrylic Fibres

“…Apart from these publications of a more or less practical nature, there are others dealing with fundamentals such as equilibrium [31][32][33] , kinetics [34,35], dyeing mechanisms [14,19] and fibre properties [36-391. In the widest sense they, too, may be considered as contributions to the understanding and control of dye uptake.…”

Feasibility of using digital color imaging devices for the determination of cationic dyes compatibility

“…The kinetic parameters of dyeing, such as time of half‐dyeing and diffusion coefficient of individual dye component are usually used to assess the compatibility of mixture of dyes. These parameters might not clearly express the compatibility characteristics of the dyes since these parameters are based on this assumption that the rate of dyeing of a dye is independent of the presence of another dye whereas the absorption behavior of a single dye is likely to be different in a dye combination . In a development in textile dyeing process control, direct dyebath monitoring, the possibility of dye compatibility evaluation has been offered .…”

“…These parameters might not clearly express the compatibility characteristics of the dyes since these parameters are based on this assumption that the rate of dyeing of a dye is independent of the presence of another dye whereas the absorption behavior of a single dye is likely to be different in a dye combination. [3][4][5][6] In a development in textile dyeing process control, direct dyebath monitoring, the possibility of dye compatibility evaluation has been offered. 7 The method is based on the online evaluation of the rate of dyeing with a well-developed instrumental system, such as Hue Matrix Dye-It-Right Manitor 8 and SmartLiqour.…”

A novel method for determination of compatibility of dyes by means of principal component analysis

“…(1) shows, it means that the ratio of the quantity of adsorbed dyes during the dyeing period would be constant. [2][3][4]…”

“…It was shown that dyes with similar dyeing rates in individual dyeing bath exhibit different absorbing behavior in mixtures which make the prediction imprecise. [3][4][5][6][7][8] Despite some organized work on the practical concept of compatibility, especially, the published work on cationic dyes, the general quantitative aspect of this term has not been cleared. Many researchers have tried to define the compatibility of dyes by comparison of the rates of dyeing of individual dyes and have recommended simple terms such as t 50 or t 70 (time of 50% or 70% dye adsorption in comparison to dyeing equilibrium).…”