Practical physiological chemistry; a book designed for use in courses in practical physiological chemistry in schools of medicine and of science, by Philip B. Hawk.

Hawk, P. B.

doi:10.5962/bhl.title.44118

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Blood was collected in tubes containing Na 2EDTA and Orlistat (30 g/ml; Roche, Mississauga, ON, Canada) to prevent in vitro triglyceride lipolysis. Urine nitrogen excretion was measured throughout the studies (19). After a 10-min equilibration, oxygen uptake (V O2) and carbon dioxide production (V CO2) were measured during a 30-min baseline period and during the last 30 min of the period with and without nicotinic acid to determine total body carbohydrate and lipid oxidation by indirect calorimetry (Vmax29n, Sensormedics) (14).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the suppression of plasma nonesterified fatty acids by insulin during enhanced intravascular lipolysis in humans

Carpentier¹,

Frisch²,

Cyr³

et al. 2005

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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In the postprandial state, insulin may also control NEFA appearance through enhanced trapping into the adipose tissue of NEFA derived from intravascular triglyceride lipolysis. To determine the contribution of suppression of intracellular lipolysis in the modulation of plasma NEFA metabolism by insulin during enhanced intravascular triglyceride lipolysis, 10 healthy nonobese subjects underwent pancreatic clamps at fasting vs. high physiological insulin level with intravenous infusion of heparin plus Intralipid. Nicotinic acid was administered orally during the last 2 h of each 4-h clamp to inhibit intracellular lipolysis and assess insulin's effect on plasma NEFA metabolism independently of its effect on intracellular lipolysis. Stable isotope tracers of palmitate, acetate, and glycerol were used to assess plasma NEFA metabolism and total triglyceride lipolysis in each participant. The glycerol appearance rate was similar during fasting vs. high insulin level, but plasma NEFA levels were significantly lowered by insulin. Nicotinic acid significantly blunted the insulin-mediated suppression of plasma palmitate appearance and oxidation rates by ϳ60 and ϳ70%, respectively. In contrast, nicotinic acid did not affect the marked stimulation of palmitate clearance by insulin. Thus most of the insulin-mediated reduction of plasma NEFA appearance and oxidation can be explained by suppression of intracellular lipolysis during enhanced intravascular triglyceride lipolysis in healthy humans. Our results also suggest that insulin may affect plasma NEFA clearance independently of the suppression of intracellular lipolysis. intracellular lipolysis; lipid oxidation; postprandial state; lipid metabolism

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the suppression of plasma nonesterified fatty acids by insulin during enhanced intravascular lipolysis in humans

Carpentier¹,

Frisch²,

Cyr³

et al. 2005

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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“…Urinary nitrogen was measured by the Kjeldahl method. 28 Twenty-four-hour urine samples were collected every week and average urinary loss was computed on the basis of these six collections. Integumental and stool losses were estimated on the basis of previously reported studies; 5 and 10 mgakg body weight, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Similar weight loss with low-energy food combining or balanced diets

et al. 2000

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OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of two diets (`food combining' or dissociated vs balanced) on body weight and metabolic parameters during a 6-week period in an in-hospital setting. SUBJECTS AND DESIGN: 54 obese patients were randomly assigned to receive diets containing 4.5 MJaday (1100 kcaladay) composed of either 25% protein, 47% carbohydrates and 25% lipids (dissociated diet) or 25% protein, 42% carbohydrates and 31% lipids (balanced diet). Consequently, the two diets were equally low in energy and substrate content (protein, fat and carbohydrate) but widely differed in substrate distribution throughout the day. RESULTS: There was no signi®cant difference in the amount of weight loss in response to dissociated (6.2 AE 0.6 kg) or balanced (7.5 AE 0.4 kg) diets. Furthermore, signi®cant decreases in total body fat and waist-to-hip circumference ratio were seen in both groups, and the magnitude of the changes did not vary as a function of the diet composition. Fasting plasma glucose, insulin, total cholesterol and triacylglycerol concentrations decreased signi®cantly and similarly in patients receiving both diets. Both systolic and diastolic blood pressure values decreased signi®cantly in patients eating balanced diets. The results of this study show that both diets achieved similar weight loss. Total fat weight loss was higher in balanced diets, although differences did not reach statistical signi®cance. Total lean body mass was identically spared in both groups. CONCLUSION: In summary at identical energy intake and similar substrate composition, the dissociated (or`food combining') diet did not bring any additional loss in weight and body fat.

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“…These experiments seem to show clearly that overwork of a skeletal muscle, if of sufficient degree and duration, is likely to be followed by a decrease in its potassium content. The loss of potassium is probably to be ascribed to an increase in the hydrion concentration since Hober (1929) observed in vitro that increase in hydrion concentration increased the diffusion of potassium from the muscle, and Hawk and Bergheim (1926) state that acidosis causes increased excretion of potassium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies in congestive heart failure. VII. The effect of overwork on the potassium content of skeletal muscle

1931

American Heart Journal

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In preceding studies it has been shown that the skeletal and cardiac musdes of patients dying of congestive heart failure were abnormally low in potassium (Harrison, Pilcher and Ewing, 1930). The loss of potassium from the skeletal musde was apparently due to edema (Pilcher, Calhoun, Cullen and Harrison, 1930). The loss of potassium from the cardiac musde was not due to edema but appeared to be related to over-work (Calhoun, Cullen, Clarke and Harrison, 1930). This condusion was based on the observation that in a given patient the ventride which had presumably been most overworked showed the greatest diminution in potassium content. In patients, however, complicating factors are often present and, before' regarding these condusions as established, it seemed wise to test them by animal experiments. The first series of observations were made on skeletal musde. This is more suitable than cardiac musde for the purpose because the musdes of one extremity can be overworked while those of the opposite limb are used as controls. METHOD Dogs were used. They received 0.3 gram of barbital per kilogram of body weight, one or two hours before the experiment was begun. The two sciatic nerves were exposed in the thigh, and one of them was stimulated rhythmically by means of electrodes connected with an induction coil and dry cell batteries. The muscles were made to Aided by a grant from the National Research Council.

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Practical physiological chemistry; a book designed for use in courses in practical physiological chemistry in schools of medicine and of science, by Philip B. Hawk.

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

On the suppression of plasma nonesterified fatty acids by insulin during enhanced intravascular lipolysis in humans

On the suppression of plasma nonesterified fatty acids by insulin during enhanced intravascular lipolysis in humans

Similar weight loss with low-energy food combining or balanced diets

Studies in congestive heart failure. VII. The effect of overwork on the potassium content of skeletal muscle

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