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Eeuwens, C. J.; Lord, S.; Donough, C. R.; Rao, V. Srinivasa; Vallejo, Garcia; Nelson, Sherman D.

doi:10.1023/a:1016543921508

Cited by 50 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In their experiment with banana, Sales and Butardo (2014) observed that addition of synthetic auxin 2,4-D in culture medium led to high level of methylation events, particularly, cytosine methylation either at the internal or external cytosine end, which largely resulted in variations in tissue cultured plants. Alteration in genomic DNA methylation rate is being attributed for the development of ‘mantled’ somaclonal variant in oil palm (Eeuwens et al 2002; Jaligot et al 2011). Similarly, Arnhold-Schmitt (1993) observed that indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and inositol in the growth medium induced DNA rearrangements and methylation changes in carrot ( Daucus carota ) callus cultures.…”

Section: Sources Of Variations Detected In Plant Tissue Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Not only the concentration, but also the ratio of different growth regulators affects the occurrence of variations in vitro. Eeuwens et al (2002) observed that, in general, a relatively high auxin/cytokinin ratio resulted in the lowest incidence of variant ‘mantled’ flowering in oil palm, while using media supplemented with relatively high cytokinins/auxin ratio resulted in a high incidence of mantled flowering. The role of cytokinin was further confirmed by Ooi et al (2013), who noticed that the mantled inflorescences of oil palm contained higher levels of cytokinins like isopentenyladenine 9-glucoside and lower levels of trans-zeatin 9-glucoside, dihydrozeatin riboside, and dihydrozeatin riboside 5′-monophosphate compared with normal inflorescences.…”

Section: Sources Of Variations Detected In Plant Tissue Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among factors affecting somaclonal variation, plant genotype is probably the most important determinant of variation (Shen et al 2007; Tican et al 2008; Nwauzoma and Jaja 2013). Earlier, Eeuwens et al (2002) characterized oil palm clones as low/moderate risk and high risk with regard to ‘mantle’ flowering (wherein anther primordia in both male and female flowers turn into fleshy supplementary carpels), on the basis of terminal inflorescence data generated under in vitro conditions. Clones classified as high risk at the outset gave a significantly higher incidence of mantled flowering in the field than low/medium risk clones, confirming that data on terminal inflorescences produced in vitro allows effective screening of material with regard to the risk of mantled flowering.…”

Section: Sources Of Variations Detected In Plant Tissue Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Somaclonal variations and their applications in horticultural crops improvement

Krishna¹,

Alizadeh

Singh³

et al. 2016

3 Biotech

335

216

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The advancements made in tissue culture techniques has made it possible to regenerate various horticultural species in vitro as micropropagation protocols for commercial scale multiplication are available for a wide range of crops. Clonal propagation and preservation of elite genotypes, selected for their superior characteristics, require high degree of genetic uniformity amongst the regenerated plants. However, plant tissue culture may generate genetic variability, i.e., somaclonal variations as a result of gene mutation or changes in epigenetic marks. The occurrence of subtle somaclonal variation is a drawback for both in vitro cloning as well as germplasm preservation. Therefore, it is of immense significance to assure the genetic uniformity of in vitro raised plants at an early stage. Several strategies have been followed to ascertain the genetic fidelity of the in vitro raised progenies comprising morpho-physiological, biochemical, cytological and DNA-based molecular markers approaches. Somaclonal variation can pose a serious problem in any micropropagation program, where it is highly desirable to produce true-to-type plant material. On the other hand, somaclonal variation has provided a new and alternative tool to the breeders for obtaining genetic variability relatively rapidly and without sophisticated technology in horticultural crops, which are either difficult to breed or have narrow genetic base. In the present paper, sources of variations induced during tissue culture cycle and strategies to ascertain and confirm genetic fidelity in a variety of in vitro raised plantlets and potential application of variants in horticultural crop improvement are reviewed.

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Section: Sources Of Variations Detected In Plant Tissue Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sources Of Variations Detected In Plant Tissue Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sources Of Variations Detected In Plant Tissue Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Somaclonal variations and their applications in horticultural crops improvement

Krishna¹,

Alizadeh

Singh³

et al. 2016

3 Biotech

335

216

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The epigenetic changes caused by exogenous auxins were shown to affect flower development [19]. The cytokinin (CK) kinetin induces DNA hypomethylation, while the synthetic auxin naphthylacetic acid causes DNA hypermethylation, resulting in the contrasting phenotypes observed in plants treated with these two hormones [19][20][21]. In Arabidopsis, mutants with a reduced level of S-ADENOSYL-L-HOMOCYSTEIN HYDROLASE (SAHH) expression, which maintains DNA methylation, have altered expression levels in their CK-signaling genes and delayed flowering [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of DNA Methylation Inhibition on Flower Development in the Dioecious Plant Salix Viminalis

Cheng

Peng

et al. 2019

Forests

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DNA methylation, an important epigenetic modification, regulates the expression of genes and is therefore involved in the transitions between floral developmental stages in flowering plants. To explore whether DNA methylation plays different roles in the floral development of individual male and female dioecious plants, we injected 5-azacytidine (5-azaC), a DNA methylation inhibitor, into the trunks of female and male basket willow (Salix viminalis L.) trees before flower bud initiation. As expected, 5-azaC decreased the level of DNA methylation in the leaves of both male and female trees during floral development; however, it increased DNA methylation in the leaves of male trees at the flower transition stage. Furthermore, 5-azaC increased the number, length and diameter of flower buds in the female trees but decreased these parameters in the male trees. The 5-azaC treatment also decreased the contents of soluble sugars, starch and reducing sugars in the leaves of the female plants, while increasing them in the male plants at the flower transition stage; however, this situation was largely reversed at the flower development stage. In addition, 5-azaC treatment decreased the contents of auxin indoleacetic acid (IAA) in both male and female trees at the flower transition stage. These results indicate that hypomethylation in leaves at the flower transition stage promotes the initiation of flowering and subsequent floral growth in Salix viminalis, suggesting that DNA methylation plays a similar role in vegetative–reproductive transition and early floral development. Furthermore, methylation changes during the vegetative–reproductive transition and floral development were closely associated with the biosynthesis, metabolism and transportation of carbohydrates and IAA. These results provide insight into the epigenetic regulation of carbohydrate accumulation.

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“…The oil yield of the best clones is estimated at 21% -25% more than that of seed-derived planting materials [4][5][6][7][8]. One undesirable feature associated with clonal oil palms is the floral abnormality, known as "mantling", that transforms the stamens of both male and female flowers into carpels, inducing the decay of female inflorescences as fruits that are formed are usually aborted [9], thus directly affecting oil production [10]. In general, the rate of abnormality varies from one tissue culture laboratory to another.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%