PP2A-Like Protein Phosphatase (Sit4) Regulatory Subunits, Sap155 and Sap190, Regulate Candida albicans’ Cell Growth, Morphogenesis, and Virulence

Han, Qi; Pan, Chaoying; Wang, Yueqing; Zhao, Lin-Peng; Wang, Yue; Sang, Jianli

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.02943

“…These phosphatases play important roles in other fungi and are involved in a variety of cellular processes, including growth, morphogenesis, and virulence. For example, the phosphatase Sit4 plays a crucial role in regulating cell growth, morphogenesis, and virulence in C. albicans ( Han et al, 2019 ). Similarly, FgSit4 and FgPpg1 are associated with various cellular processes, including mycelial growth, conidiation, DON biosynthesis, and virulence in F. graminearum ( Yu et al, 2014 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The target of rapamycin signaling pathway regulates vegetative development, aflatoxin biosynthesis, and pathogenicity in Aspergillus flavus

Li

¹

,

Cao

²

,

Tumukunde

³

et al. 2024

eLife

0

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The target of the rapamycin (TOR) signaling pathway is highly conserved and important in eukaryotes. It is involved in the regulation of various biological processes. However, systematic studies on this pathway in the genus Aspergillus have not been reported. Here, we identified and characterized nine genes encoding components of the TOR pathway in A. flavus, and investigated their biological, genetic and biochemical functions. The FK506-binding protein FKBP3 and its lysine succinylation are important for aflatoxin production and rapamycin resistance. The Tor kinase plays a central role in the global regulation of growth, spore production, aflatoxin biosynthesis and rapamycin stress. As a major downstream effector molecule of Tor kinase, the Sch9 kinase might regulate the calcium and osmotic stress, AFB1 synthesis of A. flavus by its S_TKc, S_TK_X domains and ATP binding site at K340. We also showed that Sch9 kinase might mediate crosstalk between the TOR and the HOG signaling pathways. TapA and TipA, the other downstream components of Tor kinase, play important roles in regulating mycelial growth and sclerotia formation in A. flavus. The member of the TapA-phosphatase complexes Sit4 and Ppg1 are important for hyphal development, sexual reproduction, sclerotia formation, AFB1 biosynthesis, activation of the CWI and TOR signaling pathways in A. flavus. In addition, the another phosphatase complex Nem1/Spo7 play critical role in vegetative growth, conidiation, aflatoxin and LD biogenesis. This study provide new insights into constructing the regulatory network of the TOR signaling pathway and revealing the molecular mechanism of the pathogenicity in A. flavus.

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“…This interaction plays a crucial role in the TOR signaling pathway, particularly in response to rapamycin treatment or nutrient deprivation [48] . The phosphatase Sit4 plays a crucial role in regulating cell growth, morphogenesis, and virulence in C. albicans [62] . FgSit4 and FgPpg1 are associated with various cellular processes, including mycelial growth, conidiation, DON biosynthesis, and virulence in F. graminearum [23] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The TOR signaling pathway regulates vegetative development, aflatoxin biosynthesis, and pathogenicity inAspergillus flavus

Li

¹

,

Cao

²

,

Tumukunde

³

et al. 2023

Preprint

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The target of the rapamycin (TOR) signaling pathway is highly conserved and important in eukaryotes. It is involved in the regulation of various biological processes. However, systematic studies on this pathway in the genus Aspergillus have not been reported. Here, we identified and characterized nine genes encoding components of the TOR pathway in A. flavus, and investigated their biological, genetic and biochemical functions. The FK506-binding protein FKBP3 and its lysine succinylation are important for aflatoxin production and rapamycin resistance. The Tor kinase plays a central role in the global regulation of growth, spore production, aflatoxin biosynthesis and rapamycin stress. As a major downstream effector molecule of Tor kinase, the Sch9 kinase might regulate the calcium and osmotic stress, AFB1 synthesis of A. flavus by its S_TKc, S_TK_X domains and ATP binding site at K340. We also showed that Sch9 kinase might mediate crosstalk between the TOR and the HOG signaling pathways. TapA and TipA, the other downstream components of Tor kinase, play important roles in regulating mycelial growth and sclerotia formation in A. flavus. The member of the TapA-phosphatase complexes Sit4 and Ppg1 are important for hyphal development, sexual reproduction, sclerotia formation, AFB1 biosynthesis, activation of the CWI and TOR signaling pathways in A. flavus. In addition, the another phosphatase complex Nem1/Spo7 play critical role in vegetative growth, conidiation, aflatoxin and LD biogenesis. This study provide new insights into constructing the regulatory network of the TOR signaling pathway and revealing the molecular mechanism of the pathogenicity in A. flavus.

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“…In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the sit4 codes for a Ser/Thr protein phosphatase, a member of the PPP phosphatase family closely related to the PP2A family [75]. SIT4 is involved in regulating the protein kinase C (Pkc1) and the Pkc1-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway [75,76]. Therefore, the protein plays a vital role in most known biological functions such as cell wall integrity, actin cytoskeleton organization, ribosomal gene transcription, cell proliferation, and growth.…”

Section: Identification Of Phosphorylated Proteins Under Nacl Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Time-Resolved Salt Stress Response of Dunaliella tertiolecta—A Comprehensive System Biology Perspective

Keil,

Mehlmer,

Cavelius

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Algae-driven processes, such as direct CO2 fixation into glycerol, provide new routes for sustainable chemical production in synergy with greenhouse gas mitigation. The marine microalgae Dunaliella tertiolecta is reported to accumulate high amounts of intracellular glycerol upon exposure to high salt concentrations. We have conducted a comprehensive, time-resolved systems biology study to decipher the metabolic response of D. tertiolecta up to 24 h under continuous light conditions. Initially, due to a lack of reference sequences required for MS/MS-based protein identification, a high-quality draft genome of D. tertiolecta was generated. Subsequently, a database was designed by combining the genome with transcriptome data obtained before and after salt stress. This database allowed for detection of differentially expressed proteins and identification of phosphorylated proteins, which are involved in the short- and long-term adaptation to salt stress, respectively. Specifically, in the rapid salt adaptation response, proteins linked to the Ca2+ signaling pathway and ion channel proteins were significantly increased. While phosphorylation is key in maintaining ion homeostasis during the rapid adaptation to salt stress, phosphofructokinase is required for long-term adaption. Lacking β-carotene, synthesis under salt stress conditions might be substituted by the redox-sensitive protein CP12. Furthermore, salt stress induces upregulation of Calvin–Benson cycle-related proteins.

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PP2A-Like Protein Phosphatase (Sit4) Regulatory Subunits, Sap155 and Sap190, Regulate Candida albicans’ Cell Growth, Morphogenesis, and Virulence

Cited by 9 publications

References 32 publications

The target of rapamycin signaling pathway regulates vegetative development, aflatoxin biosynthesis, and pathogenicity in Aspergillus flavus

The target of rapamycin signaling pathway regulates vegetative development, aflatoxin biosynthesis, and pathogenicity in Aspergillus flavus

The TOR signaling pathway regulates vegetative development, aflatoxin biosynthesis, and pathogenicity inAspergillus flavus

The Time-Resolved Salt Stress Response of Dunaliella tertiolecta—A Comprehensive System Biology Perspective

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